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	<title>＃文法 アーカイブ - じゅにさん子育てブログ</title>
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	<description>勉強が苦手な子でも、わかる・できる・続けられる</description>
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	<title>＃文法 アーカイブ - じゅにさん子育てブログ</title>
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		<title>🏅 タコタ認定！英検3級文法総まとめクイズ100問</title>
		<link>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-test/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[じゅにさん]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 02 Aug 2026 07:24:53 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[🐙タコタの英文ルール📖]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[🟦 英検3級 英語シリーズ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃タコタ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃文法]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[#英検3級]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[#英語学習]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>英検3級の文法を100問で総復習！現在完了・受動態・不定詞・動名詞・比較・接続詞・関係代名詞・助動詞・過去進行形を、ランダム出題のタコタクイズで楽しく確認できます。</p>
<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-test/">🏅 タコタ認定！英検3級文法総まとめクイズ100問</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
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<h1 class="tgm-title">🏅 タコタ認定！英検3級文法総まとめクイズ100問</h1>
<section class="tgm-lead"><p>英検3級で大切な9つの英文ルールを、100問で総復習しよう！</p><p>問題の順番と選択肢は、挑戦するたびにランダムで変わります。</p><p>訳問題は少なめで、穴埋め・並び替え・使い分けを中心に出題します。</p><p>最後には、単元別の成績や苦手ランキングも表示されます。</p><p>①〜⑨まで勉強した力を試してみよう🐙</p></section>
<h2>🐙 タコタ認定試験</h2>
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type="button" class="tgm-main-btn" data-action="start-full">🎮 もう一度100問に挑戦する</button><a class="tgm-return" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule/">📚 英文ルール一覧へ戻る</a></div></div></div>`;}app.addEventListener("click",function(event){const action=event.target&&event.target.dataset?event.target.dataset.action:"";if(action==="start-full")startQuiz(quizData,"full");if(action==="start-wrong"&&wrongQuestions.length)startQuiz(wrongQuestions,"wrong");});if(bottomRestart){bottomRestart.addEventListener("click",function(){startQuiz(quizData,"full");app.scrollIntoView({behavior:"smooth",block:"start"});});}renderStart();})();
</script>
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</article>
<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-test/">🏅 タコタ認定！英検3級文法総まとめクイズ100問</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑨｜過去進行形</title>
		<link>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-09/</link>
					<comments>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-09/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[じゅにさん]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 02 Aug 2026 04:14:38 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[🐙タコタの英文ルール📖]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[🟦 英検3級 英語シリーズ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃タコタ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃文法]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[#英検3級]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[#英語学習]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://jouniorsankosodate.com/?p=7340</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>英検3級でよく出る過去進行形を中学生向けにやさしく解説！was・were＋動詞のing形や、過去形との違い、when・whileの使い方を例文と20問クイズで楽しく学べます。</p>
<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-09/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑨｜過去進行形</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
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  <h1 class="takota-past-title">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑨｜過去進行形</h1>

  <section class="takota-past-lead">
    <p>英検3級では、過去のある時点で</p>
    <p><strong>「ちょうど〜していた」</strong></p>
    <p>ことを表す過去進行形がよく出てきます。</p>
    <p>作り方は、</p>
    <p><span class="takota-past-formula">was / were + 動詞のing形</span></p>
    <p>です。</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 過去進行形ってなに？</h2>
  <section class="takota-past-rule">
    <p>過去進行形は、過去のある時点で</p>
    <p><strong>「〜していました」</strong></p>
    <p>という途中の動作を表します。</p>
  </section>
  <div class="takota-past-example">
    <span class="takota-past-en">I was watching TV.</span>
    <span class="takota-past-ja">私はテレビを見ていました。</span>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 作り方</h2>
  <section class="takota-past-point">
    <p><span class="takota-past-formula">was / were + 動詞のing形</span></p>
  </section>
  <div class="takota-past-grid">
    <div class="takota-past-example">
      <p><strong>was</strong></p>
      <p>I</p>
      <p>He</p>
      <p>She</p>
    </div>
    <div class="takota-past-example">
      <p><strong>were</strong></p>
      <p>You</p>
      <p>We</p>
      <p>They</p>
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  <h2>🐙 過去形との違い</h2>
  <div class="takota-past-example">
    <span class="takota-past-en">I watched TV.</span>
    <span class="takota-past-ja">私はテレビを見ました。</span>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-past-example">
    <span class="takota-past-en">I was watching TV.</span>
    <span class="takota-past-ja">私はテレビを見ていました。</span>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 よく一緒に出る when</h2>
  <section class="takota-past-rule">
    <p><strong>when</strong></p>
    <p>＝ 〜したとき</p>
  </section>
  <div class="takota-past-example">
    <span class="takota-past-en">I was studying when my father came home.</span>
    <span class="takota-past-ja">父が帰宅したとき、私は勉強していました。</span>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 whileとの違い</h2>
  <section class="takota-past-rule">
    <p><strong>while</strong></p>
    <p>＝ 〜している間</p>
  </section>
  <div class="takota-past-example">
    <span class="takota-past-en">She was cooking while I was studying.</span>
    <span class="takota-past-ja">私が勉強している間、彼女は料理をしていました。</span>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 否定文</h2>
  <div class="takota-past-example">
    <span class="takota-past-en">I was not sleeping.</span>
    <span class="takota-past-ja">私は寝ていませんでした。</span>
    <span class="takota-past-en">They were not playing soccer.</span>
    <span class="takota-past-ja">彼らはサッカーをしていませんでした。</span>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 疑問文</h2>
  <div class="takota-past-example">
    <span class="takota-past-en">Was she cooking?</span>
    <span class="takota-past-ja">彼女は料理をしていましたか。</span>
    <span class="takota-past-en">Were you studying?</span>
    <span class="takota-past-ja">あなたは勉強していましたか。</span>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 よくある間違い</h2>
  <h3>ingを忘れる</h3>
  <div class="takota-past-wrong">❌ I was watch TV.</div>
  <div class="takota-past-right">⭕ I was watching TV.</div>
  <h3>Theyのとき</h3>
  <div class="takota-past-wrong">❌ They was playing.</div>
  <div class="takota-past-right">⭕ They were playing.</div>
  <h3>「〜していました」にする</h3>
  <div class="takota-past-wrong">❌ I watched TV when my father came home.</div>
  <div class="takota-past-right">⭕ I was watching TV when my father came home.</div>

  <h2>🐙 タコタの覚え方</h2>
  <section class="takota-past-memory">
    <p>✅ was / were + 動詞のing形</p>
    <p>✅ was<br>＝ I・He・She</p>
    <p>✅ were<br>＝ You・We・They</p>
    <p>✅ when<br>＝〜したとき</p>
    <p>✅ 過去形<br>＝〜しました</p>
    <p>✅ 過去進行形<br>＝〜していました</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 見分け方</h2>
  <div class="takota-past-table-wrap">
    <table class="takota-past-table">
      <thead><tr><th>形</th><th>意味</th><th>例文</th></tr></thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr><td>過去形</td><td>〜しました</td><td>I watched TV.</td></tr>
        <tr><td>過去進行形</td><td>〜していました</td><td>I was watching TV.</td></tr>
        <tr><td>when</td><td>〜したとき</td><td>when my father came home</td></tr>
        <tr><td>while</td><td>〜している間</td><td>while I was studying</td></tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 英検3級で特に大事！</h2>
  <section class="takota-past-point">
    <p>過去進行形は、</p>
    <p><strong>過去のある時点で、ちょうど〜していた</strong></p>
    <p>ことを表します。</p>
    <p>まずは <strong>was / were + 動詞のing形</strong> をしっかり覚えよう。</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 タコタクイズ</h2>
  <div id="takotaPastProgressiveQuiz"></div>

<style>
#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz{
  max-width:820px;
  margin:30px auto;
  padding:22px;
  border-radius:22px;
  background:#fffdf7;
  border:3px solid #ffd9b3;
  text-align:center;
  box-shadow:0 8px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  color:#444;
}

#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-progress{
  margin-bottom:10px;
  color:#777;
  font-size:14px;
  font-weight:bold;
}

#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-type{
  display:inline-block;
  margin-bottom:12px;
  padding:7px 15px;
  border-radius:999px;
  background:#fff3c4;
  color:#f97316;
  font-weight:bold;
}

#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-question{
  margin:18px 0 10px;
  color:#4a88d8;
  font-size:22px;
  font-weight:bold;
  line-height:1.6;
}

#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-guide{
  margin-bottom:18px;
  font-size:16px;
  line-height:1.7;
}

#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-choice{
  display:block;
  width:88%;
  margin:10px auto;
  padding:13px 16px;
  border:2px solid transparent;
  border-radius:18px;
  background:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffe4ec,#fff7d6);
  color:#444;
  font-size:16px;
  font-weight:bold;
  line-height:1.5;
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  transition:transform .15s ease, box-shadow .15s ease;
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#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-choice:hover{
  transform:translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow:0 5px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
}

#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-choice:disabled{
  cursor:default;
}

#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-correct{
  background:#c8f7c5 !important;
  border-color:#70c96b !important;
}

#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-wrong{
  background:#ffd6d6 !important;
  border-color:#ed8181 !important;
}

#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-result{
  margin-top:18px;
  padding:14px;
  border-radius:16px;
  background:#fff;
  font-size:18px;
  font-weight:bold;
  line-height:1.7;
}

#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-explanation{
  display:block;
  margin-top:7px;
  font-size:15px;
  font-weight:normal;
}

#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-next,
#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-retry{
  margin-top:20px;
  padding:12px 25px;
  border:none;
  border-radius:999px;
  background:#ff9d58;
  color:#fff;
  font-size:16px;
  font-weight:bold;
  cursor:pointer;
}

#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-next:hover,
#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-retry:hover{
  opacity:.88;
}

#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-score{
  margin:18px 0;
  color:#4a88d8;
  font-size:27px;
  font-weight:bold;
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#takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-finish-message{
  line-height:1.8;
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  #takotaPastProgressiveQuiz{
    padding:17px 12px;
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  #takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-question{
    font-size:19px;
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  #takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-guide{
    font-size:15px;
  }

  #takotaPastProgressiveQuiz .tpp-choice{
    width:96%;
    padding:12px 10px;
    font-size:14px;
  }
}
</style>

<script>
(function(){
  "use strict";

  const quizData = [

    /* 訳を選ぼう 8問 */

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"I was watching TV.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "私はテレビを見ました。",
        "私はテレビを見ていました。",
        "私はテレビを見ます。",
        "私はテレビを見ています。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"was watching は「見ていました」。過去のある時点で、見ている途中だったことを表します。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"They were playing soccer.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "彼らはサッカーをしました。",
        "彼らはサッカーをしていました。",
        "彼らはサッカーをします。",
        "彼らはサッカーをしていませんでした。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"were playing は「していました」。主語が They なので were を使います。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"She was cooking dinner.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "彼女は夕食を作っていました。",
        "彼女は夕食を作りました。",
        "彼女は夕食を食べました。",
        "彼女は夕食を作ります。"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"was cooking は「作っていました」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"I was studying when my father came home.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "父が帰宅したあと、私は勉強しました。",
        "父が帰宅したとき、私は勉強していました。",
        "父が帰宅する前に、私は勉強しました。",
        "父と一緒に勉強していました。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"was studying は途中の動作、came home はその途中で起きた出来事です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"We were eating lunch.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "私たちは昼食を食べました。",
        "私たちは昼食を食べていました。",
        "私たちは昼食を作りました。",
        "私たちは昼食を食べます。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"were eating は「食べていました」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"He was sleeping.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "彼は眠りました。",
        "彼は寝ていました。",
        "彼は起きました。",
        "彼は眠ります。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"was sleeping は「寝ていました」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"Were you studying?",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "勉強しますか。",
        "勉強していましたか。",
        "勉強しましたか。",
        "勉強していますか。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"Were you ～ing? で「〜していましたか」という過去進行形の疑問文です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"She wasn't using her phone.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "彼女はスマホを使っていました。",
        "彼女はスマホを使っていませんでした。",
        "彼女はスマホを使いません。",
        "彼女はスマホを使いました。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"wasn't は was not の短縮形です。"
    },

    /* 穴埋め 6問 */

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"I ___ watching TV.",
      guide:"私はテレビを見ていました。",
      choices:[
        "was",
        "were",
        "am",
        "is"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"主語が I なので was を使います。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"They ___ playing soccer.",
      guide:"彼らはサッカーをしていました。",
      choices:[
        "was",
        "were",
        "is",
        "am"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"主語が They なので were を使います。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"She was ___ dinner.",
      guide:"彼女は夕食を作っていました。",
      choices:[
        "cook",
        "cooking",
        "cooked",
        "cooks"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"過去進行形は was / were＋動詞のing形です。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"___ you studying?",
      guide:"あなたは勉強していましたか。",
      choices:[
        "Was",
        "Were",
        "Are",
        "Is"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"主語が you なので Were you ～? になります。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"I was studying ___ my father came home.",
      guide:"父が帰宅したとき、私は勉強していました。",
      choices:[
        "because",
        "if",
        "when",
        "that"
      ],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"「〜したとき」は when を使います。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"She ___ not sleeping.",
      guide:"彼女は寝ていませんでした。",
      choices:[
        "were",
        "was",
        "are",
        "am"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"主語が She なので was not sleeping です。"
    },

    /* 並び替え・使い分け 6問 */

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"私はテレビを見ていました。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "I was watching TV.",
        "I was watch TV.",
        "I watching was TV.",
        "I watched was TV."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"過去進行形は I was watching TV. の語順です。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"彼らはサッカーをしていました。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "They were playing soccer.",
        "They was playing soccer.",
        "They were play soccer.",
        "They playing were soccer."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"They の後ろは were、さらに動詞のing形を置きます。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"父が帰宅したとき、私は勉強していました。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "I was studying when my father came home.",
        "I studied when my father was coming home.",
        "I was study when my father came home.",
        "I studying was when my father came home."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"長く続いていた動作は was studying、途中の出来事は came home です。"
    },

    {
      type:"使い分け",
      question:"正しい英文はどれ？",
      guide:"wasの後ろの形を確認しよう。",
      choices:[
        "She was cooking dinner.",
        "She was cook dinner.",
        "She was cooked dinner.",
        "She cooking was dinner."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"was の後ろには動詞のing形 cooking を置きます。"
    },

    {
      type:"使い分け",
      question:"正しい英文はどれ？",
      guide:"主語に合うbe動詞を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "We were eating lunch.",
        "We was eating lunch.",
        "We were eat lunch.",
        "We eating were lunch."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"主語が We なので were eating が正解です。"
    },

    {
      type:"使い分け",
      question:"父が帰宅したとき、私はテレビを見ている途中でした。",
      guide:"意味に合う英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "I watched TV when my father came home.",
        "I was watching TV when my father came home.",
        "I watching TV when my father came home.",
        "I was watch TV when my father came home."
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"「見ている途中だった」ので was watching を使います。"
    }

  ];

  const app = document.getElementById("takotaPastProgressiveQuiz");

  let currentIndex = 0;
  let score = 0;
  let answered = false;

  function renderQuestion(){
    const item = quizData[currentIndex];
    answered = false;

    app.innerHTML = `
      <div class="tpp-progress">
        🐙 ${currentIndex + 1} / ${quizData.length}
      </div>

      <div class="tpp-type">
        ${item.type}
      </div>

      <div class="tpp-question">
        ${item.question}
      </div>

      <div class="tpp-guide">
        ${item.guide}
      </div>

      <div class="tpp-choices">
        ${item.choices.map((choice,index)=>`
          <button
            type="button"
            class="tpp-choice"
            data-index="${index}"
          >
            ${choice}
          </button>
        `).join("")}
      </div>

      <div class="tpp-result" hidden></div>

      <button
        type="button"
        class="tpp-next"
        hidden
      >
        ${currentIndex === quizData.length - 1
          ? "結果を見る ▶"
          : "つぎへ ▶"}
      </button>
    `;

    const choiceButtons =
      app.querySelectorAll(".tpp-choice");

    const nextButton =
      app.querySelector(".tpp-next");

    choiceButtons.forEach(button=>{
      button.addEventListener("click",function(){
        checkAnswer(Number(this.dataset.index));
      });
    });

    nextButton.addEventListener("click",nextQuestion);
  }

  function checkAnswer(selectedIndex){
    if(answered){
      return;
    }

    answered = true;

    const item = quizData[currentIndex];

    const choiceButtons =
      app.querySelectorAll(".tpp-choice");

    const resultBox =
      app.querySelector(".tpp-result");

    const nextButton =
      app.querySelector(".tpp-next");

    choiceButtons.forEach((button,index)=>{
      button.disabled = true;

      if(index === item.answer){
        button.classList.add("tpp-correct");
      }

      if(
        index === selectedIndex &&
        selectedIndex !== item.answer
      ){
        button.classList.add("tpp-wrong");
      }
    });

    if(selectedIndex === item.answer){
      score++;

      resultBox.innerHTML = `
        ⭕ 正解！
        <span class="tpp-explanation">
          ${item.explanation}
        </span>
      `;
    }else{
      resultBox.innerHTML = `
        ❌ 不正解…
        <span class="tpp-explanation">
          ${item.explanation}
        </span>
      `;
    }

    resultBox.hidden = false;
    nextButton.hidden = false;
  }

  function nextQuestion(){
    currentIndex++;

    if(currentIndex < quizData.length){
      renderQuestion();
    }else{
      renderResult();
    }
  }

  function renderResult(){
    let message = "";

    if(score === quizData.length){
      message =
        "全問正解！過去進行形マスターやで🎉";
    }else if(score >= 16){
      message =
        "すごい！was・wereとingの使い方をしっかり理解できてるで✨";
    }else if(score >= 12){
      message =
        "あと少し！was・wereの使い分けと、動詞のing形を確認しよう。";
    }else{
      message =
        "まずは「was / were＋動詞ing＝〜していた」から復習しよう🐙";
    }

    app.innerHTML = `
      <h2>🎉 クイズ終了！</h2>

      <div class="tpp-score">
        ${score} / ${quizData.length} 正解
      </div>

      <p class="tpp-finish-message">
        ${message}
      </p>

      <p class="tpp-finish-message">
        今回のポイント！<br><br>

        <strong>was / were＋動詞のing形</strong><br>
        ＝「〜していました」<br><br>

        <strong>was</strong><br>
        ＝ I・He・She<br><br>

        <strong>were</strong><br>
        ＝ You・We・They<br><br>

        <strong>when</strong><br>
        ＝「〜したとき」
      </p>

      <p class="tpp-finish-message">
        🐙 過去形は「〜しました」<br>
        🐙 過去進行形は「〜していました」
      </p>

      <button
        type="button"
        class="tpp-retry"
      >
        もう一度
      </button>
    `;

    app
      .querySelector(".tpp-retry")
      .addEventListener("click",function(){
        currentIndex = 0;
        score = 0;
        renderQuestion();
      });
  }

  renderQuestion();

})();
</script>

  <h2>🐙 まとめ</h2>
  <section class="takota-past-summary">
    <p>過去進行形は、</p>
    <p><strong>was / were + 動詞のing形</strong></p>
    <p>で、</p>
    <p><strong>「〜していました」</strong></p>
    <p>を表します。</p>
    <p>was は I・He・She。</p>
    <p>were は You・We・They。</p>
    <p>過去形との違いを見ながら、クイズでくり返し練習しよう。</p>
  </section>

  <nav class="takota-past-nav" aria-label="英文ルール記事ナビ">
    <a class="takota-past-nav-prev" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-08/">← 前の問題へ<br>⑧ 助動詞（発展）</a>
    <a class="takota-past-nav-center" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule/">🐙 一覧へ戻る</a>
    <a class="takota-past-nav-next" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-test/">次の記事 →<br>英検3級文法総まとめクイズ100問</a>
  </nav>
</article>
<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-09/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑨｜過去進行形</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
					<wfw:commentRss>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-09/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑧｜助動詞（発展）</title>
		<link>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-08/</link>
					<comments>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-08/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[じゅにさん]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 02 Aug 2026 03:49:23 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[🐙タコタの英文ルール📖]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[🟦 英検3級 英語シリーズ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃タコタ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃文法]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃英検３級]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[#英語学習]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://jouniorsankosodate.com/?p=7337</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>英検3級でよく出る助動詞を中学生向けにわかりやすく解説！must・have to・should・may・mightの意味や、must notとdon't have toの違いを例文と20問クイズで楽しく学べます。</p>
<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-08/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑧｜助動詞（発展）</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></description>
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      grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);
      gap:12px;
      margin:14px 0;
    }
    .takota-modal-grid > div{margin:0;}
    .takota-modal-table-wrap{
      width:100%;
      overflow-x:auto;
      -webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;
      margin:14px 0;
      border-radius:18px;
      border:2px solid #ffd6a5;
      background:#fff;
    }
    .takota-modal-table{
      width:100%;
      border-collapse:collapse;
      min-width:520px;
      font-size:16px;
    }
    .takota-modal-table th,
    .takota-modal-table td{
      padding:10px;
      border-bottom:1px solid #ffe0bd;
      text-align:left;
      vertical-align:top;
    }
    .takota-modal-table th{
      background:#fff3c4;
      color:#111;
      font-weight:900;
    }
    .takota-modal-nav{
      display:grid;
      grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 1fr;
      gap:10px;
      margin:28px 0 4px;
    }
    .takota-modal-nav a{
      display:flex;
      align-items:center;
      justify-content:center;
      min-height:68px;
      padding:10px;
      border-radius:18px;
      text-decoration:none;
      text-align:center;
      font-weight:900;
      line-height:1.45;
      color:#111;
      border:2px solid transparent;
      box-shadow:0 5px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.08);
      transition:transform .15s ease, box-shadow .15s ease;
    }
    .takota-modal-nav a:hover{
      transform:translateY(-2px);
      box-shadow:0 8px 16px rgba(0,0,0,.11);
    }
    .takota-modal-nav-prev{background:#e0f7ff;border-color:#9edcf2;}
    .takota-modal-nav-center{background:#ffd9b3;border-color:#ffb36c;}
    .takota-modal-nav-next{background:#ffe4ec;border-color:#ffb7cf;}
    @media (max-width:640px){
      .takota-modal-article{
        margin:12px auto;
        padding:12px;
        border-radius:22px;
      }
      .takota-modal-article p{font-size:16px;}
      .takota-modal-grid,
      .takota-modal-nav{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
    }
  </style>

  <h1 class="takota-modal-title">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑧｜助動詞（発展）</h1>

  <section class="takota-modal-lead">
    <p>助動詞は、話す人の気持ちや判断をつけ足す言葉です。</p>
    <p>英検3級では、まずこの意味を覚えよう！</p>
    <p>✅ must / have to<br>＝ 〜しなければならない</p>
    <p>✅ must not<br>＝ 〜してはいけない</p>
    <p>✅ don&#8217;t have to<br>＝ 〜する必要はない</p>
    <p>✅ should<br>＝ 〜したほうがよい</p>
    <p>✅ may / might<br>＝ 〜かもしれない</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 must「〜しなければならない」</h2>
  <div class="takota-modal-example">
    <span class="takota-modal-en">You must do your homework.</span>
    <span class="takota-modal-ja">あなたは宿題をしなければなりません。</span>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 have to「〜しなければならない」</h2>
  <div class="takota-modal-example">
    <span class="takota-modal-en">I have to get up early tomorrow.</span>
    <span class="takota-modal-ja">私は明日早く起きなければなりません。</span>
    <span class="takota-modal-en">She has to study tonight.</span>
    <span class="takota-modal-ja">彼女は今夜勉強しなければなりません。</span>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 mustとhave toの違い</h2>
  <section class="takota-modal-rule">
    <p><strong>must</strong></p>
    <p>＝ 〜しなければならない</p>
    <p><strong>have to</strong></p>
    <p>＝ 〜しなければならない</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 must not「〜してはいけない」</h2>
  <div class="takota-modal-example">
    <span class="takota-modal-en">You must not run here.</span>
    <span class="takota-modal-ja">ここで走ってはいけません。</span>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 don&#8217;t have to「〜する必要はない」</h2>
  <div class="takota-modal-example">
    <span class="takota-modal-en">You don&#8217;t have to come early.</span>
    <span class="takota-modal-ja">あなたは早く来る必要はありません。</span>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 must notとdon&#8217;t have toの違い</h2>
  <div class="takota-modal-grid">
    <div class="takota-modal-wrong">
      <p><strong>must not</strong></p>
      <p>＝ 〜してはいけない</p>
    </div>
    <div class="takota-modal-point">
      <p><strong>don&#8217;t have to</strong></p>
      <p>＝ 〜する必要はない</p>
    </div>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 should「〜したほうがよい」</h2>
  <div class="takota-modal-example">
    <span class="takota-modal-en">You should go to bed early.</span>
    <span class="takota-modal-ja">あなたは早く寝たほうがよいです。</span>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 may「〜かもしれない」</h2>
  <div class="takota-modal-example">
    <span class="takota-modal-en">It may rain tomorrow.</span>
    <span class="takota-modal-ja">明日は雨が降るかもしれません。</span>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 might「〜かもしれない」</h2>
  <div class="takota-modal-example">
    <span class="takota-modal-en">He might be busy today.</span>
    <span class="takota-modal-ja">彼は今日忙しいかもしれません。</span>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 助動詞の後ろは動詞の原形</h2>
  <section class="takota-modal-point">
    <p>✅ 助動詞の後ろは動詞の原形</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 よくある間違い</h2>
  <h3>must notの意味</h3>
  <div class="takota-modal-wrong">❌ 〜する必要はない</div>
  <div class="takota-modal-right">⭕ 〜してはいけない</div>
  <h3>don&#8217;t have toの意味</h3>
  <div class="takota-modal-wrong">❌ 〜してはいけない</div>
  <div class="takota-modal-right">⭕ 〜する必要はない</div>
  <h3>助動詞の後ろ</h3>
  <div class="takota-modal-wrong">❌ You should goes home.</div>
  <div class="takota-modal-right">⭕ You should go home.</div>
  <h3>sheのときのhave to</h3>
  <div class="takota-modal-wrong">❌ She have to study.</div>
  <div class="takota-modal-right">⭕ She has to study.</div>

  <h2>🐙 タコタの覚え方</h2>
  <section class="takota-modal-memory">
    <p>✅ 助動詞の後ろは動詞の原形</p>
    <p>✅ must notは「〜してはいけない」</p>
    <p>✅ don&#8217;t have toは「〜する必要はない」</p>
    <p>✅ shouldはアドバイス</p>
    <p>✅ may・mightは可能性</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 見分け方</h2>
  <div class="takota-modal-table-wrap">
    <table class="takota-modal-table">
      <thead><tr><th>言葉</th><th>意味</th></tr></thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr><td>must</td><td>〜しなければならない</td></tr>
        <tr><td>have to</td><td>〜しなければならない</td></tr>
        <tr><td>must not</td><td>〜してはいけない</td></tr>
        <tr><td>don&#8217;t have to</td><td>〜する必要はない</td></tr>
        <tr><td>should</td><td>〜したほうがよい</td></tr>
        <tr><td>may / might</td><td>〜かもしれない</td></tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 英検3級で特に大事なところ</h2>
  <section class="takota-modal-point">
    <p>✅ 助動詞の後ろは動詞の原形</p>
    <p>✅ must notは「〜してはいけない」</p>
    <p>✅ don&#8217;t have toは「〜する必要はない」</p>
    <p>✅ shouldはアドバイス</p>
    <p>✅ may・mightは可能性</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 タコタクイズ</h2>
  <div id="takotaModalQuiz"></div>

<style>
#takotaModalQuiz{
  max-width:820px;
  margin:30px auto;
  padding:22px;
  border-radius:22px;
  background:#fffdf7;
  border:3px solid #ffd9b3;
  text-align:center;
  box-shadow:0 8px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  color:#444;
}

#takotaModalQuiz .tm-progress{
  margin-bottom:10px;
  color:#777;
  font-size:14px;
  font-weight:bold;
}

#takotaModalQuiz .tm-type{
  display:inline-block;
  margin-bottom:12px;
  padding:7px 15px;
  border-radius:999px;
  background:#fff3c4;
  color:#f97316;
  font-weight:bold;
}

#takotaModalQuiz .tm-question{
  margin:18px 0 10px;
  color:#4a88d8;
  font-size:22px;
  font-weight:bold;
  line-height:1.6;
}

#takotaModalQuiz .tm-guide{
  margin-bottom:18px;
  font-size:16px;
  line-height:1.7;
}

#takotaModalQuiz .tm-choice{
  display:block;
  width:88%;
  margin:10px auto;
  padding:13px 16px;
  border:2px solid transparent;
  border-radius:18px;
  background:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffe4ec,#fff7d6);
  color:#444;
  font-size:16px;
  font-weight:bold;
  line-height:1.5;
  cursor:pointer;
  transition:transform .15s ease, box-shadow .15s ease;
}

#takotaModalQuiz .tm-choice:hover{
  transform:translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow:0 5px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
}

#takotaModalQuiz .tm-choice:disabled{
  cursor:default;
}

#takotaModalQuiz .tm-correct{
  background:#c8f7c5 !important;
  border-color:#70c96b !important;
}

#takotaModalQuiz .tm-wrong{
  background:#ffd6d6 !important;
  border-color:#ed8181 !important;
}

#takotaModalQuiz .tm-result{
  margin-top:18px;
  padding:14px;
  border-radius:16px;
  background:#fff;
  font-size:18px;
  font-weight:bold;
  line-height:1.7;
}

#takotaModalQuiz .tm-explanation{
  display:block;
  margin-top:7px;
  font-size:15px;
  font-weight:normal;
}

#takotaModalQuiz .tm-next,
#takotaModalQuiz .tm-retry{
  margin-top:20px;
  padding:12px 25px;
  border:none;
  border-radius:999px;
  background:#ff9d58;
  color:#fff;
  font-size:16px;
  font-weight:bold;
  cursor:pointer;
}

#takotaModalQuiz .tm-next:hover,
#takotaModalQuiz .tm-retry:hover{
  opacity:.88;
}

#takotaModalQuiz .tm-score{
  margin:18px 0;
  color:#4a88d8;
  font-size:27px;
  font-weight:bold;
}

#takotaModalQuiz .tm-finish-message{
  line-height:1.8;
}

@media screen and (max-width:600px){
  #takotaModalQuiz{
    padding:17px 12px;
  }

  #takotaModalQuiz .tm-question{
    font-size:19px;
  }

  #takotaModalQuiz .tm-guide{
    font-size:15px;
  }

  #takotaModalQuiz .tm-choice{
    width:96%;
    padding:12px 10px;
    font-size:14px;
  }
}
</style>

<script>
(function(){
  "use strict";

  const quizData = [

    /* 訳を選ぼう 8問 */

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"You must do your homework.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "あなたは宿題をしなければなりません。",
        "あなたは宿題をしてはいけません。",
        "あなたは宿題をする必要はありません。",
        "あなたは宿題をしたほうがよいです。"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"must は「〜しなければならない」という強い義務を表します。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"I have to get up early tomorrow.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "私は明日早く起きる必要はありません。",
        "私は明日早く起きなければなりません。",
        "私は明日早く起きるかもしれません。",
        "私は明日早く起きたほうがよいです。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"have to は「〜しなければならない」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"You must not run here.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "ここで走る必要はありません。",
        "ここで走ってはいけません。",
        "ここで走ったほうがよいです。",
        "ここで走るかもしれません。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"must not は「〜してはいけない」という禁止です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"You don't have to come early.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "早く来てはいけません。",
        "早く来る必要はありません。",
        "早く来なければなりません。",
        "早く来たほうがよいです。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"don't have to は「〜する必要はない」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"You should study harder.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "もっと勉強しなければなりません。",
        "もっと勉強したほうがよいです。",
        "もっと勉強してはいけません。",
        "もっと勉強する必要はありません。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"should は「〜したほうがよい」というアドバイスです。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"It may rain tomorrow.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "明日は必ず雨が降ります。",
        "明日は雨が降るかもしれません。",
        "明日は雨が降ってはいけません。",
        "明日は雨が降る必要はありません。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"may は「〜かもしれない」という可能性を表します。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"He might be busy today.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "彼は今日忙しいです。",
        "彼は今日忙しいかもしれません。",
        "彼は今日忙しくなければなりません。",
        "彼は今日忙しくありません。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"might も「〜かもしれない」という意味です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"She has to study tonight.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "彼女は今夜勉強しなければなりません。",
        "彼女は今夜勉強する必要はありません。",
        "彼女は今夜勉強してはいけません。",
        "彼女は今夜勉強したほうがよいです。"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"主語が she なので have to ではなく has to を使います。"
    },

    /* 穴埋め 6問 */

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"You ___ do your homework.",
      guide:"あなたは宿題をしなければなりません。",
      choices:[
        "must",
        "may",
        "should not",
        "might"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"強い義務を表すので must が正解です。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"I ___ get up early tomorrow.",
      guide:"私は明日早く起きなければなりません。",
      choices:[
        "have to",
        "must not",
        "may",
        "should not"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"have to は「〜しなければならない」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"You ___ run here.",
      guide:"ここで走ってはいけません。",
      choices:[
        "don't have to",
        "must not",
        "should",
        "may"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"禁止を表すので must not を使います。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"You ___ come early.",
      guide:"早く来る必要はありません。",
      choices:[
        "don't have to",
        "must not",
        "may",
        "should"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"「必要はない」は don't have to です。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"It ___ rain tomorrow.",
      guide:"明日は雨が降るかもしれません。",
      choices:[
        "may",
        "must",
        "have to",
        "should"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"可能性を表すので may が正解です。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"You should ___ to bed early.",
      guide:"あなたは早く寝たほうがよいです。",
      choices:[
        "goes",
        "go",
        "going",
        "went"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"助動詞 should の後ろは動詞の原形 go です。"
    },

    /* 並び替え・使い分け 6問 */

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"あなたは宿題をしなければなりません。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "You must do your homework.",
        "You must does your homework.",
        "You do must your homework.",
        "You must doing your homework."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"must＋動詞の原形なので、must do が正解です。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"あなたは早く来る必要はありません。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "You don't have to come early.",
        "You must not come early.",
        "You don't has to come early.",
        "You have not to come early."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"「必要はない」は don't have to を使います。"
    },

    {
      type:"使い分け",
      question:"ここで走ってはいけません。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "You must not run here.",
        "You don't have to run here.",
        "You should run here.",
        "You may run here."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"must not は禁止、don't have to は「必要はない」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"あなたはもっと勉強したほうがよいです。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "You should study harder.",
        "You should studies harder.",
        "You should studying harder.",
        "You should studied harder."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"should の後ろは動詞の原形 study です。"
    },

    {
      type:"使い分け",
      question:"正しい英文はどれ？",
      guide:"she のときの have to の形を確認しよう。",
      choices:[
        "She has to study tonight.",
        "She have to study tonight.",
        "She has to studies tonight.",
        "She have studying tonight."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"主語が she なので has to。その後ろは動詞の原形 study です。"
    },

    {
      type:"使い分け",
      question:"正しい英文はどれ？",
      guide:"助動詞の後ろの形を確認しよう。",
      choices:[
        "He may comes tomorrow.",
        "He may come tomorrow.",
        "He may coming tomorrow.",
        "He may came tomorrow."
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"助動詞 may の後ろは動詞の原形 come です。"
    }

  ];

  const app = document.getElementById("takotaModalQuiz");

  let currentIndex = 0;
  let score = 0;
  let answered = false;

  function renderQuestion(){
    const item = quizData[currentIndex];
    answered = false;

    app.innerHTML = `
      <div class="tm-progress">
        🐙 ${currentIndex + 1} / ${quizData.length}
      </div>

      <div class="tm-type">
        ${item.type}
      </div>

      <div class="tm-question">
        ${item.question}
      </div>

      <div class="tm-guide">
        ${item.guide}
      </div>

      <div class="tm-choices">
        ${item.choices.map((choice,index)=>`
          <button
            type="button"
            class="tm-choice"
            data-index="${index}"
          >
            ${choice}
          </button>
        `).join("")}
      </div>

      <div class="tm-result" hidden></div>

      <button
        type="button"
        class="tm-next"
        hidden
      >
        ${currentIndex === quizData.length - 1
          ? "結果を見る ▶"
          : "つぎへ ▶"}
      </button>
    `;

    const choiceButtons =
      app.querySelectorAll(".tm-choice");

    const nextButton =
      app.querySelector(".tm-next");

    choiceButtons.forEach(button=>{
      button.addEventListener("click",function(){
        checkAnswer(Number(this.dataset.index));
      });
    });

    nextButton.addEventListener("click",nextQuestion);
  }

  function checkAnswer(selectedIndex){
    if(answered){
      return;
    }

    answered = true;

    const item = quizData[currentIndex];

    const choiceButtons =
      app.querySelectorAll(".tm-choice");

    const resultBox =
      app.querySelector(".tm-result");

    const nextButton =
      app.querySelector(".tm-next");

    choiceButtons.forEach((button,index)=>{
      button.disabled = true;

      if(index === item.answer){
        button.classList.add("tm-correct");
      }

      if(
        index === selectedIndex &&
        selectedIndex !== item.answer
      ){
        button.classList.add("tm-wrong");
      }
    });

    if(selectedIndex === item.answer){
      score++;

      resultBox.innerHTML = `
        ⭕ 正解！
        <span class="tm-explanation">
          ${item.explanation}
        </span>
      `;
    }else{
      resultBox.innerHTML = `
        ❌ 不正解…
        <span class="tm-explanation">
          ${item.explanation}
        </span>
      `;
    }

    resultBox.hidden = false;
    nextButton.hidden = false;
  }

  function nextQuestion(){
    currentIndex++;

    if(currentIndex < quizData.length){
      renderQuestion();
    }else{
      renderResult();
    }
  }

  function renderResult(){
    let message = "";

    if(score === quizData.length){
      message =
        "全問正解！助動詞マスターやで🎉";
    }else if(score >= 16){
      message =
        "すごい！助動詞の意味と使い分けをしっかり理解できてるで✨";
    }else if(score >= 12){
      message =
        "あと少し！must notとdon't have toをもう一度確認しよう。";
    }else{
      message =
        "まずは助動詞の意味と「後ろは動詞の原形」を復習しよう🐙";
    }

    app.innerHTML = `
      <h2>🎉 クイズ終了！</h2>

      <div class="tm-score">
        ${score} / ${quizData.length} 正解
      </div>

      <p class="tm-finish-message">
        ${message}
      </p>

      <p class="tm-finish-message">
        今回のポイント！<br><br>

        <strong>must / have to</strong><br>
        ＝「〜しなければならない」<br><br>

        <strong>must not</strong><br>
        ＝「〜してはいけない」<br><br>

        <strong>don't have to</strong><br>
        ＝「〜する必要はない」<br><br>

        <strong>should</strong><br>
        ＝「〜したほうがよい」<br><br>

        <strong>may / might</strong><br>
        ＝「〜かもしれない」
      </p>

      <p class="tm-finish-message">
        🐙 助動詞の後ろは動詞の原形！
      </p>

      <button
        type="button"
        class="tm-retry"
      >
        もう一度
      </button>
    `;

    app
      .querySelector(".tm-retry")
      .addEventListener("click",function(){
        currentIndex = 0;
        score = 0;
        renderQuestion();
      });
  }

  renderQuestion();

})();
</script>

  <h2>🐙 まとめ</h2>
  <section class="takota-modal-summary">
    <p>助動詞は、話す人の気持ちや判断をつけ足す言葉です。</p>
    <p>✅ must / have to<br>＝ 〜しなければならない</p>
    <p>✅ must not<br>＝ 〜してはいけない</p>
    <p>✅ don&#8217;t have to<br>＝ 〜する必要はない</p>
    <p>✅ should<br>＝ 〜したほうがよい</p>
    <p>✅ may / might<br>＝ 〜かもしれない</p>
    <p>そして、</p>
    <p><strong>助動詞の後ろは動詞の原形！</strong></p>
    <p>これを忘れないようにしよう。</p>
  </section>

  <nav class="takota-modal-nav" aria-label="英文ルール記事ナビ">
    <a class="takota-modal-nav-prev" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-07/">← 前の問題へ<br>⑦ 関係代名詞</a>
    <a class="takota-modal-nav-center" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule/">🐙 一覧へ戻る</a>
    <a class="takota-modal-nav-next" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-09/">次の問題へ →<br>⑨ 過去進行形</a>
  </nav>
</article>

<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-08/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑧｜助動詞（発展）</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑦｜関係代名詞</title>
		<link>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-07/</link>
					<comments>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-07/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[じゅにさん]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 02 Aug 2026 03:41:47 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[🐙タコタの英文ルール📖]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[🟦 英検3級 英語シリーズ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃タコタ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃文法]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃英検３級]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[#英語学習]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://jouniorsankosodate.com/?p=7334</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>英検3級でよく出る関係代名詞を中学生向けにわかりやすく解説！who・which・thatの違いや使い分けを例文と20問のタコタクイズで楽しく学べます。</p>
<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-07/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑦｜関係代名詞</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></description>
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  <h1 class="takota-rel-title">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑦｜関係代名詞</h1>

  <section class="takota-rel-lead">
    <p>英検3級では、</p>
    <p>長い英文を読む問題で</p>
    <p><strong>関係代名詞</strong></p>
    <p>がよく出てきます。</p>
    <p>でも安心！</p>
    <p>まずは</p>
    <p>✅ <strong>who</strong></p>
    <p>✅ <strong>which</strong></p>
    <p>✅ <strong>that</strong></p>
    <p>この3つだけ覚えればOKです！</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 関係代名詞ってなに？</h2>
  <section class="takota-rel-rule">
    <p>関係代名詞は、</p>
    <p><span class="takota-rel-formula">前の名詞を説明する言葉</span></p>
    <p>です。</p>
  </section>
  <p>例えば、</p>
  <div class="takota-rel-example">
    <span class="takota-rel-en">I have a friend.</span>
    <span class="takota-rel-ja">私は友達がいます。</span>
  </div>
  <p>だけでは、</p>
  <p>どんな友達なのかわかりません。</p>
  <p>そこで後ろから説明します。</p>
  <div class="takota-rel-example">
    <span class="takota-rel-en">I have a friend who plays soccer.</span>
    <span class="takota-rel-ja">私は<strong>サッカーをする友達</strong>がいます。</span>
  </div>
  <p>つまり、</p>
  <p><strong>friend</strong></p>
  <p>を</p>
  <p><strong>who plays soccer</strong></p>
  <p>が説明しています。</p>

  <h2>🐙 who（人を説明する）</h2>
  <p>人を説明するときは</p>
  <p><strong>who</strong></p>
  <p>を使います。</p>
  <div class="takota-rel-example">
    <p>例文①</p>
    <span class="takota-rel-en">I have a friend who plays soccer.</span>
    <span class="takota-rel-ja">私はサッカーをする友達がいます。</span>
    <p>例文②</p>
    <span class="takota-rel-en">The girl who is running is my sister.</span>
    <span class="takota-rel-ja">走っている女の子は私の妹です。</span>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-rel-point">
    <p>ポイント</p>
    <p><strong>who＝人</strong></p>
    <p>と覚えよう！</p>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 which（物を説明する）</h2>
  <p>物を説明するときは</p>
  <p><strong>which</strong></p>
  <p>を使います。</p>
  <div class="takota-rel-example">
    <p>例文①</p>
    <span class="takota-rel-en">This is the book which I bought yesterday.</span>
    <span class="takota-rel-ja">これは私が昨日買った本です。</span>
    <p>例文②</p>
    <span class="takota-rel-en">I have a dog which likes apples.</span>
    <span class="takota-rel-ja">私はリンゴが好きな犬を飼っています。</span>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-rel-point">
    <p>ポイント</p>
    <p><strong>which＝物</strong></p>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 that（人にも物にも使える）</h2>
  <p>実は</p>
  <p><strong>that</strong></p>
  <p>は</p>
  <p>人にも</p>
  <p>物にも</p>
  <p>使えます。</p>
  <div class="takota-rel-example">
    <p>人</p>
    <span class="takota-rel-en">I have a friend that plays soccer.</span>
    <span class="takota-rel-ja">私はサッカーをする友達がいます。</span>
    <p>物</p>
    <span class="takota-rel-en">This is the book that I bought yesterday.</span>
    <span class="takota-rel-ja">これは昨日買った本です。</span>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-rel-point">
    <p>ポイント</p>
    <p>英検3級では</p>
    <p>迷ったら</p>
    <p><strong>that</strong></p>
    <p>でも正解になることがあります。</p>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 見分け方</h2>
  <div class="takota-rel-table-wrap">
    <table class="takota-rel-table">
      <thead><tr><th>説明するもの</th><th>使う言葉</th></tr></thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr><td>人</td><td>who</td></tr>
        <tr><td>物</td><td>which</td></tr>
        <tr><td>人・物どちらでも</td><td>that</td></tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 関係代名詞を取ると…</h2>
  <p>例えば</p>
  <div class="takota-rel-example">
    <span class="takota-rel-en">I have a friend who plays soccer.</span>
  </div>
  <p>↓</p>
  <p>説明を取ると</p>
  <div class="takota-rel-example">
    <span class="takota-rel-en">I have a friend.</span>
  </div>
  <p>になります。</p>
  <p>つまり</p>
  <p><strong>who以下は前の名詞を説明しているだけ</strong></p>
  <p>なんです。</p>

  <h2>🐙 よくある間違い</h2>
  <h3>① 人なのにwhich</h3>
  <div class="takota-rel-wrong">❌<br>I have a friend which plays soccer.</div>
  <div class="takota-rel-right">⭕<br>I have a friend who plays soccer.</div>
  <h3>② 物なのにwho</h3>
  <div class="takota-rel-wrong">❌<br>This is a book who I bought.</div>
  <div class="takota-rel-right">⭕<br>This is a book which I bought.</div>
  <h3>③ whoの前を見る</h3>
  <section class="takota-rel-point">
    <p>問題を解くコツ！</p>
    <p><strong>who の前は人！</strong></p>
    <p><strong>which の前は物！</strong></p>
    <p>ここを見るだけで正解できる問題がたくさんあります。</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 タコタの覚え方</h2>
  <div class="takota-rel-memory-grid">
    <div class="takota-rel-memory">
      <p>🧑</p>
      <p><strong>who</strong></p>
      <p>↓</p>
      <p>人</p>
    </div>
    <div class="takota-rel-memory">
      <p>📚</p>
      <p><strong>which</strong></p>
      <p>↓</p>
      <p>物</p>
    </div>
    <div class="takota-rel-memory">
      <p>⭐</p>
      <p><strong>that</strong></p>
      <p>↓</p>
      <p>どっちでもOK</p>
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  </div>

  <h2>🐙 英検3級でよく出る形</h2>
  <section class="takota-rel-rule">
    <p><strong>The boy who〜</strong></p>
    <p>↓</p>
    <p>その男の子</p>
    <p><strong>The book which〜</strong></p>
    <p>↓</p>
    <p>その本</p>
    <p><strong>The dog that〜</strong></p>
    <p>↓</p>
    <p>その犬</p>
  </section>
  <p>長文では</p>
  <p>まず</p>
  <p><strong>who</strong></p>
  <p><strong>which</strong></p>
  <p><strong>that</strong></p>
  <p>を見つけるクセをつけよう！</p>

  <h2>🐙 タコタクイズ</h2>
  <div id="takotaRelativePronounQuiz"></div>

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    font-size:15px;
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  #takotaRelativePronounQuiz .tr-choice{
    width:96%;
    padding:12px 10px;
    font-size:14px;
  }
}
</style>

<script>
(function(){
  "use strict";

  const quizData = [

    /* 訳を選ぼう 8問 */

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"I have a friend who plays soccer.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "私にはサッカーをする友達がいます。",
        "私は友達とサッカーをします。",
        "私は友達にサッカーを教えます。",
        "私はサッカー選手になりました。"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"who plays soccer が、前の friend を説明しています。who は人を説明するときに使います。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"This is the book which I bought yesterday.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "これは私が昨日買った本です。",
        "私は昨日この本を読みました。",
        "これは昨日なくした本です。",
        "私は昨日その本を借りました。"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"which I bought yesterday が、前の book を説明しています。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"The girl who is running is my sister.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "走っている女の子は私の妹です。",
        "私の妹は走ることが好きです。",
        "私は妹と走っています。",
        "女の子は私の妹を探しています。"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"who is running は「走っている」という意味で、girl を説明しています。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"This is the dog that likes apples.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "これはリンゴが好きな犬です。",
        "この犬はリンゴを買いました。",
        "私はリンゴと犬が好きです。",
        "これは犬が買ったリンゴです。"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"that likes apples が dog を説明しています。that は人にも物にも使えます。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"The boy who can swim is Ken.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "泳げる男の子はケンです。",
        "ケンは泳ぐ必要があります。",
        "ケンはその男の子を知っています。",
        "その男の子はケンと泳ぎました。"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"who can swim が boy を説明しています。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"This is the camera which my father uses.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "これは父が使っているカメラです。",
        "父はカメラを買いました。",
        "これは父を写したカメラです。",
        "私は父とカメラを使います。"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"which my father uses が camera を説明しています。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"I know a teacher that speaks English.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "私は英語を話す先生を知っています。",
        "私は先生に英語を教えます。",
        "私は英語の先生になりたいです。",
        "その先生は私を知っています。"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"that speaks English が teacher を説明しています。that は人にも使えます。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"The bike which is blue is mine.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "青い自転車は私のものです。",
        "私は青い自転車を買います。",
        "その自転車は青くなりました。",
        "私は自転車を青くしました。"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"which is blue が bike を説明しています。"
    },

    /* 穴埋め 6問 */

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"I have a friend ___ plays soccer.",
      guide:"私にはサッカーをする友達がいます。",
      choices:[
        "which",
        "who",
        "when",
        "where"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"friend は人なので who を使います。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"This is the book ___ I bought yesterday.",
      guide:"これは私が昨日買った本です。",
      choices:[
        "who",
        "which",
        "when",
        "because"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"book は物なので which を使います。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"The girl ___ is singing is my sister.",
      guide:"歌っている女の子は私の妹です。",
      choices:[
        "who",
        "which",
        "where",
        "if"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"girl は人なので who が正解です。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"This is the dog ___ likes apples.",
      guide:"これはリンゴが好きな犬です。",
      choices:[
        "when",
        "where",
        "that",
        "because"
      ],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"that は人にも物にも使えます。ここでは dog を説明しています。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"The boy ___ can swim is Ken.",
      guide:"泳げる男の子はケンです。",
      choices:[
        "who",
        "which",
        "when",
        "because"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"boy は人なので who を使います。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"This is the camera ___ my father uses.",
      guide:"これは父が使っているカメラです。",
      choices:[
        "who",
        "which",
        "if",
        "when"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"camera は物なので which が正解です。"
    },

    /* 並び替え・使い分け 6問 */

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"私にはサッカーをする友達がいます。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "I have a friend who plays soccer.",
        "I have who a friend plays soccer.",
        "I friend have who plays soccer.",
        "I have a friend which plays soccer."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"friend のすぐ後ろに who plays soccer を置いて説明します。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"これは私が昨日買った本です。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "This is the book which I bought yesterday.",
        "This book is which I bought yesterday.",
        "This is which the book I bought yesterday.",
        "This is the book who I bought yesterday."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"book の後ろに which I bought yesterday を置きます。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"泳げる男の子はケンです。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "The boy who can swim is Ken.",
        "The boy can swim who is Ken.",
        "The boy which can swim is Ken.",
        "The who boy can swim is Ken."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"The boy who can swim 全体で「泳げる男の子」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"これは父が使っているカメラです。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "This is the camera which my father uses.",
        "This is camera which father my uses.",
        "This is the camera who my father uses.",
        "This camera which is my father uses."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"camera は物なので which を使い、後ろに my father uses を続けます。"
    },

    {
      type:"使い分け",
      question:"正しい英文はどれ？",
      guide:"人を説明する関係代名詞を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "I have a friend who plays soccer.",
        "I have a friend which plays soccer.",
        "I have a friend when plays soccer.",
        "I have a friend because plays soccer."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"friend は人なので who が正解です。"
    },

    {
      type:"使い分け",
      question:"正しい英文はどれ？",
      guide:"物を説明する関係代名詞を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "This is the book that I bought yesterday.",
        "This is the book who I bought yesterday.",
        "This is the book when I bought yesterday.",
        "This is the book because I bought yesterday."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"that は物にも使えます。book を説明しているので正しい文です。"
    }

  ];

  const app = document.getElementById("takotaRelativePronounQuiz");

  let currentIndex = 0;
  let score = 0;
  let answered = false;

  function renderQuestion(){
    const item = quizData[currentIndex];
    answered = false;

    app.innerHTML = `
      <div class="tr-progress">
        🐙 ${currentIndex + 1} / ${quizData.length}
      </div>

      <div class="tr-type">
        ${item.type}
      </div>

      <div class="tr-question">
        ${item.question}
      </div>

      <div class="tr-guide">
        ${item.guide}
      </div>

      <div class="tr-choices">
        ${item.choices.map((choice,index)=>`
          <button
            type="button"
            class="tr-choice"
            data-index="${index}"
          >
            ${choice}
          </button>
        `).join("")}
      </div>

      <div class="tr-result" hidden></div>

      <button
        type="button"
        class="tr-next"
        hidden
      >
        ${currentIndex === quizData.length - 1
          ? "結果を見る ▶"
          : "つぎへ ▶"}
      </button>
    `;

    const choiceButtons =
      app.querySelectorAll(".tr-choice");

    const nextButton =
      app.querySelector(".tr-next");

    choiceButtons.forEach(button=>{
      button.addEventListener("click",function(){
        checkAnswer(Number(this.dataset.index));
      });
    });

    nextButton.addEventListener("click",nextQuestion);
  }

  function checkAnswer(selectedIndex){
    if(answered){
      return;
    }

    answered = true;

    const item = quizData[currentIndex];

    const choiceButtons =
      app.querySelectorAll(".tr-choice");

    const resultBox =
      app.querySelector(".tr-result");

    const nextButton =
      app.querySelector(".tr-next");

    choiceButtons.forEach((button,index)=>{
      button.disabled = true;

      if(index === item.answer){
        button.classList.add("tr-correct");
      }

      if(
        index === selectedIndex &&
        selectedIndex !== item.answer
      ){
        button.classList.add("tr-wrong");
      }
    });

    if(selectedIndex === item.answer){
      score++;

      resultBox.innerHTML = `
        ⭕ 正解！
        <span class="tr-explanation">
          ${item.explanation}
        </span>
      `;
    }else{
      resultBox.innerHTML = `
        ❌ 不正解…
        <span class="tr-explanation">
          ${item.explanation}
        </span>
      `;
    }

    resultBox.hidden = false;
    nextButton.hidden = false;
  }

  function nextQuestion(){
    currentIndex++;

    if(currentIndex < quizData.length){
      renderQuestion();
    }else{
      renderResult();
    }
  }

  function renderResult(){
    let message = "";

    if(score === quizData.length){
      message =
        "全問正解！関係代名詞マスターやで🎉";
    }else if(score >= 16){
      message =
        "すごい！who・which・thatをしっかり使い分けられてるで✨";
    }else if(score >= 12){
      message =
        "あと少し！関係代名詞の前の名詞をもう一度確認しよう。";
    }else{
      message =
        "まずは「人はwho・物はwhich」から復習してみよう🐙";
    }

    app.innerHTML = `
      <h2>🎉 クイズ終了！</h2>

      <div class="tr-score">
        ${score} / ${quizData.length} 正解
      </div>

      <p class="tr-finish-message">
        ${message}
      </p>

      <p class="tr-finish-message">
        今回のポイントはこの3つ！<br><br>

        👦 <strong>who</strong><br>
        ＝ 人を説明する<br><br>

        📚 <strong>which</strong><br>
        ＝ 物を説明する<br><br>

        ⭐ <strong>that</strong><br>
        ＝ 人にも物にも使える
      </p>

      <p class="tr-finish-message">
        🐙 who・which・thatの前にある名詞を見よう！
      </p>

      <button
        type="button"
        class="tr-retry"
      >
        もう一度
      </button>
    `;

    app
      .querySelector(".tr-retry")
      .addEventListener("click",function(){
        currentIndex = 0;
        score = 0;
        renderQuestion();
      });
  }

  renderQuestion();

})();
</script>

  <h2>🐙 まとめ</h2>
  <section class="takota-rel-summary">
    <p>今日は3つだけ！</p>
    <p>✅ <strong>who</strong></p>
    <p>人</p>
    <p>✅ <strong>which</strong></p>
    <p>物</p>
    <p>✅ <strong>that</strong></p>
    <p>人・物どちらでもOK</p>
    <p>まずは</p>
    <p><strong>前の名詞を見る！</strong></p>
    <p>これだけ覚えれば英検3級ではかなり戦えます🐙✨</p>
  </section>

  <nav class="takota-rel-nav" aria-label="英文ルール記事ナビ">
    <a class="takota-rel-nav-prev" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-06/">← 前の問題へ<br>⑥ 接続詞（発展）</a>
    <a class="takota-rel-nav-center" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule/">🐙 一覧へ戻る</a>
    <a class="takota-rel-nav-next" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-08/">次の問題へ →<br>⑧ 助動詞（発展）</a>
  </nav>
</article>

<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-07/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑦｜関係代名詞</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
					<wfw:commentRss>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-07/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑥｜接続詞（発展）</title>
		<link>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-06/</link>
					<comments>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-06/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[じゅにさん]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 02 Aug 2026 01:39:20 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[🐙タコタの英文ルール📖]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[🟦 英検3級 英語シリーズ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃タコタ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃文法]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃英検３級]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[#英語学習]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://jouniorsankosodate.com/?p=7330</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>英検3級でよく出る接続詞を中学生向けにわかりやすく解説！when・if・because・thatの意味や使い分け、ifの後ろの形を例文と20問クイズで楽しく学べます。</p>
<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-06/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑥｜接続詞（発展）</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></description>
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  <h1 class="takota-conj-title">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑥｜接続詞（発展）</h1>

  <section class="takota-conj-lead">
    <p>英検3級では、</p>
    <p>when<br>if<br>because<br>that</p>
    <p>のような、文と文をつなぐ言葉がよく出てきます。</p>
    <p>接続詞を使うと、短い文をつなげて、よりくわしく伝えられます。</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 接続詞ってなに？</h2>
  <section class="takota-conj-rule">
    <p>接続詞は、</p>
    <p><span class="takota-conj-formula">「文と文をつなぐ言葉」</span></p>
    <p>です。</p>
  </section>
  <div class="takota-conj-example">
    <span class="takota-conj-en">I stayed home because it was raining.</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-ja">雨が降っていたので、私は家にいました。</span>
  </div>
  <p>because が、次の2つの内容をつないでいます。</p>
  <div class="takota-conj-example">
    <span class="takota-conj-en">I stayed home.</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-ja">私は家にいました。</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-en">It was raining.</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-ja">雨が降っていました。</span>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 when「〜するとき」</h2>
  <section class="takota-conj-rule">
    <p><span class="takota-conj-formula">when＋主語＋動詞</span></p>
    <p>で、</p>
    <p>「〜するとき」「〜したら」</p>
    <p>という意味になります。</p>
  </section>
  <div class="takota-conj-example">
    <span class="takota-conj-en">I was studying when my mother came home.</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-ja">母が帰宅したとき、私は勉強していました。</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-en">Call me when you arrive.</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-ja">到着したら、私に電話してください。</span>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-conj-point">
    <p>whenの後ろにも、</p>
    <p><strong>主語＋動詞</strong></p>
    <p>を置きます。</p>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 if「もし〜なら」</h2>
  <section class="takota-conj-rule">
    <p><span class="takota-conj-formula">if＋主語＋動詞</span></p>
    <p>で、</p>
    <p>「もし〜なら」</p>
    <p>という意味になります。</p>
  </section>
  <div class="takota-conj-example">
    <span class="takota-conj-en">If it is sunny tomorrow, we will go to the park.</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-ja">もし明日晴れたら、私たちは公園へ行きます。</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-en">I will help you if you are busy.</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-ja">もしあなたが忙しければ、私が手伝います。</span>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-conj-point">
    <p>未来のことでも、ifの後ろは現在形にします。</p>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-conj-wrong">❌ If it will be sunny tomorrow</div>
  <div class="takota-conj-right">⭕ If it is sunny tomorrow</div>

  <h2>🐙 because「〜なので」</h2>
  <section class="takota-conj-rule">
    <p><span class="takota-conj-formula">because＋主語＋動詞</span></p>
    <p>で、</p>
    <p>「〜なので」「〜だから」</p>
    <p>という理由を表します。</p>
  </section>
  <div class="takota-conj-example">
    <span class="takota-conj-en">I stayed home because it was raining.</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-ja">雨が降っていたので、私は家にいました。</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-en">She was happy because she passed the test.</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-ja">彼女はテストに合格したので、うれしかったです。</span>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-conj-point">
    <p>becauseの後ろには、理由になる文がきます。</p>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 that「〜ということ」</h2>
  <section class="takota-conj-rule">
    <p>thatは、</p>
    <p>「〜ということ」</p>
    <p>のように、後ろの文をまとめる働きがあります。</p>
  </section>
  <div class="takota-conj-example">
    <span class="takota-conj-en">I think that he is kind.</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-ja">私は彼が親切だと思います。</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-en">I know that she can swim.</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-ja">私は彼女が泳げることを知っています。</span>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-conj-table-wrap">
    <table class="takota-conj-table">
      <thead><tr><th>よく使う形</th><th>意味</th></tr></thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr><td>think that 〜</td><td>〜だと思う</td></tr>
        <tr><td>know that 〜</td><td>〜だと知っている</td></tr>
        <tr><td>hope that 〜</td><td>〜だと願う</td></tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-conj-point">
    <p>会話では、thatを省略することがあります。</p>
    <p><strong>I think he is kind.</strong></p>
    <p>でも意味は同じです。</p>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 文の前にも後ろにも置ける</h2>
  <h3>when</h3>
  <div class="takota-conj-example">
    <span class="takota-conj-en">When I got home, my mother was cooking.</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-en">My mother was cooking when I got home.</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-ja">どちらも、私が帰宅したとき、母は料理をしていました。</span>
  </div>
  <h3>if</h3>
  <div class="takota-conj-example">
    <span class="takota-conj-en">If it is sunny, we will play outside.</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-en">We will play outside if it is sunny.</span>
    <span class="takota-conj-ja">どちらも、もし晴れたら、私たちは外で遊びます。</span>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-conj-point">
    <p>接続詞の文を先に置くときは、途中にカンマ（,）を置きます。</p>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 よくある間違い</h2>
  <h3>① ifの後ろにwillを置く</h3>
  <div class="takota-conj-wrong">❌ If it will rain tomorrow, I will stay home.</div>
  <div class="takota-conj-right">⭕ If it rains tomorrow, I will stay home.</div>
  <p>未来のことでも、ifの後ろは現在形にします。</p>
  <h3>② becauseとsoを同時に使う</h3>
  <div class="takota-conj-wrong">❌ Because it was raining, so I stayed home.</div>
  <div class="takota-conj-right">⭕ Because it was raining, I stayed home.</div>
  <p>または、</p>
  <div class="takota-conj-right">⭕ It was raining, so I stayed home.</div>
  <p>becauseとsoは、基本的に同時には使いません。</p>
  <h3>③ whenの後ろに文がない</h3>
  <div class="takota-conj-wrong">❌ when arrived</div>
  <div class="takota-conj-right">⭕ when I arrived</div>
  <p>whenの後ろには、主語＋動詞を置きます。</p>
  <h3>④ thatの後ろに文がない</h3>
  <div class="takota-conj-wrong">❌ I think that kind.</div>
  <div class="takota-conj-right">⭕ I think that he is kind.</div>
  <p>thatの後ろには、主語＋動詞のある文を置きます。</p>

  <h2>🐙 タコタの覚え方</h2>
  <div class="takota-conj-memory-grid">
    <div class="takota-conj-memory"><p>✅ <strong>when</strong><br>＝ 〜するとき</p></div>
    <div class="takota-conj-memory"><p>✅ <strong>if</strong><br>＝ もし〜なら</p></div>
    <div class="takota-conj-memory"><p>✅ <strong>because</strong><br>＝ 〜なので</p></div>
    <div class="takota-conj-memory"><p>✅ <strong>that</strong><br>＝ 〜ということ</p></div>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 見分け方</h2>
  <div class="takota-conj-table-wrap">
    <table class="takota-conj-table">
      <thead><tr><th>接続詞</th><th>意味</th><th>後ろにくるもの</th></tr></thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr><td>when</td><td>〜するとき</td><td>主語＋動詞</td></tr>
        <tr><td>if</td><td>もし〜なら</td><td>主語＋動詞</td></tr>
        <tr><td>because</td><td>〜なので</td><td>理由になる文</td></tr>
        <tr><td>that</td><td>〜ということ</td><td>内容を表す文</td></tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 英検3級で特に大事なところ</h2>
  <section class="takota-conj-point">
    <p>✅ ifの後ろは、未来のことでも現在形</p>
    <p>✅ becauseとsoを同時に使わない</p>
    <p>✅ 接続詞の後ろには、基本的に主語＋動詞</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 タコタクイズに挑戦！</h2>
  <p>when・if・because・thatの使い分けがわかったら、20問クイズに挑戦してみよう！</p>

  <div id="takotaConjunctionQuiz"></div>

<style>
#takotaConjunctionQuiz{
  max-width:820px;
  margin:30px auto;
  padding:22px;
  border-radius:22px;
  background:#fffdf7;
  border:3px solid #ffd9b3;
  text-align:center;
  box-shadow:0 8px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  color:#444;
}

#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-progress{
  font-size:14px;
  font-weight:bold;
  color:#777;
  margin-bottom:10px;
}

#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-type{
  display:inline-block;
  padding:7px 15px;
  border-radius:999px;
  background:#fff3c4;
  color:#f97316;
  font-weight:bold;
  margin-bottom:12px;
}

#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-question{
  font-size:22px;
  line-height:1.6;
  margin:18px 0 10px;
  color:#4a88d8;
  font-weight:bold;
}

#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-guide{
  font-size:16px;
  line-height:1.7;
  margin-bottom:18px;
}

#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-choice{
  display:block;
  width:88%;
  margin:10px auto;
  padding:13px 16px;
  border:2px solid transparent;
  border-radius:18px;
  background:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffe4ec,#fff7d6);
  color:#444;
  font-size:16px;
  font-weight:bold;
  line-height:1.5;
  cursor:pointer;
  transition:transform .15s ease, box-shadow .15s ease;
}

#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-choice:hover{
  transform:translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow:0 5px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
}

#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-choice:disabled{
  cursor:default;
}

#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-correct{
  background:#c8f7c5 !important;
  border-color:#70c96b !important;
}

#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-wrong{
  background:#ffd6d6 !important;
  border-color:#ed8181 !important;
}

#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-result{
  margin-top:18px;
  padding:14px;
  border-radius:16px;
  background:#fff;
  font-size:18px;
  font-weight:bold;
  line-height:1.7;
}

#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-explanation{
  display:block;
  margin-top:7px;
  font-size:15px;
  font-weight:normal;
}

#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-next,
#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-retry{
  margin-top:20px;
  padding:12px 25px;
  border:none;
  border-radius:999px;
  background:#ff9d58;
  color:#fff;
  font-size:16px;
  font-weight:bold;
  cursor:pointer;
}

#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-next:hover,
#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-retry:hover{
  opacity:.88;
}

#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-score{
  font-size:27px;
  color:#4a88d8;
  font-weight:bold;
  margin:18px 0;
}

#takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-finish-message{
  line-height:1.8;
}

@media screen and (max-width:600px){
  #takotaConjunctionQuiz{
    padding:17px 12px;
  }

  #takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-question{
    font-size:19px;
  }

  #takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-guide{
    font-size:15px;
  }

  #takotaConjunctionQuiz .tj-choice{
    width:96%;
    padding:12px 10px;
    font-size:14px;
  }
}
</style>

<script>
(function(){
  "use strict";

  const quizData = [

    /* 訳を選ぼう 8問 */

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"I stayed home because it was raining.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "雨が降っていたので、私は家にいました。",
        "雨が降ったあと、私は家に帰りました。",
        "雨が降る前に、私は家にいました。",
        "雨が降ったら、私は家にいます。"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"because は「〜なので・〜だから」。後ろに理由がきます。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"Call me when you arrive.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "到着する前に電話してください。",
        "到着したら電話してください。",
        "到着したので電話してください。",
        "到着したあと電話しました。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"when は「〜するとき・〜したら」という意味です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"If it is sunny tomorrow, we will go to the park.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "明日晴れたので、公園へ行きます。",
        "もし明日晴れたら、公園へ行きます。",
        "明日は公園へ行きました。",
        "明日晴れたあと、公園へ行きました。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"if は「もし〜なら」。未来のことでも if の後ろは現在形です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"I think that he is kind.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "私は彼が親切だと思います。",
        "私は彼に親切です。",
        "私は彼を知っています。",
        "私は彼に会いました。"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"think that ～ で「〜だと思う」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"She was happy because she passed the test.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "彼女はテストを受けました。",
        "彼女はテストに合格したので、うれしかったです。",
        "彼女はテストを受けたいです。",
        "彼女はテストを受けています。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"because の後ろに、うれしかった理由が置かれています。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"I know that she can swim.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "私は彼女と泳ぎます。",
        "私は彼女が泳げることを知っています。",
        "私は彼女に泳ぎ方を教えます。",
        "私は彼女を知りません。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"know that ～ で「〜ということを知っている」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"When I got home, my mother was cooking.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "母が料理をしたあと、私は帰宅しました。",
        "私が帰宅したとき、母は料理をしていました。",
        "私は帰宅して料理をしました。",
        "母が帰宅したとき、私は料理をしました。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"When I got home は「私が帰宅したとき」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"I will help you if you are busy.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "あなたが忙しかったので、手伝いました。",
        "もしあなたが忙しければ、手伝います。",
        "あなたが忙しくなったあと、手伝います。",
        "あなたが忙しいと思います。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"if you are busy は「もしあなたが忙しければ」です。"
    },

    /* 穴埋め 6問 */

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"I stayed home ___ it was raining.",
      guide:"雨が降っていたので、私は家にいました。",
      choices:[
        "when",
        "because",
        "if",
        "that"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"雨が理由なので because を使います。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"Call me ___ you arrive.",
      guide:"到着したら電話してください。",
      choices:[
        "because",
        "if",
        "when",
        "that"
      ],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"「到着したら・到着するとき」は when です。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"___ it is sunny tomorrow, we will play soccer.",
      guide:"もし明日晴れたら、私たちはサッカーをします。",
      choices:[
        "Because",
        "That",
        "If",
        "When"
      ],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"「もし〜なら」を表すので If が正解です。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"I think ___ he is kind.",
      guide:"私は彼が親切だと思います。",
      choices:[
        "because",
        "if",
        "that",
        "when"
      ],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"think that ～ で「〜だと思う」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"If it ___ tomorrow, we will stay home.",
      guide:"もし明日雨が降ったら、私たちは家にいます。",
      choices:[
        "will rain",
        "rains",
        "raining",
        "rained"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"未来のことでも、if の後ろは現在形の rains を使います。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"She was happy ___ she passed the test.",
      guide:"彼女はテストに合格したので、うれしかったです。",
      choices:[
        "if",
        "because",
        "when",
        "that"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"合格したことが理由なので because を使います。"
    },

    /* 並び替え 6問 */

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"私は雨が降っていたので家にいました。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "I stayed home because it was raining.",
        "I stayed because home it was raining.",
        "I stayed home if it was raining.",
        "I stayed home that it was raining."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"I stayed home because it was raining. が正解です。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"到着したら電話してください。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "Call me because you arrive.",
        "Call me when you arrive.",
        "Call me when arrive you.",
        "When arrive, call me you."
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"when の後ろは主語＋動詞なので、when you arrive です。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"もし明日晴れたら、公園へ行きます。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "If it will be sunny tomorrow, we will go to the park.",
        "If it is sunny tomorrow, we will go to the park.",
        "Because it is sunny tomorrow, we will go to the park.",
        "If sunny tomorrow, we go to the park."
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"未来のことでも if の後ろは is。will be にはしません。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"私は彼が親切だと思います。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "I think because he is kind.",
        "I think that he is kind.",
        "I that think he is kind.",
        "I think that is he kind."
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"I think that he is kind. が正しい語順です。"
    },

    {
      type:"使い分け",
      question:"正しい英文はどれ？",
      guide:"because と so の使い方を確認しよう。",
      choices:[
        "Because it was raining, so I stayed home.",
        "Because it was raining, I stayed home.",
        "Because raining, I stayed home.",
        "It was because raining, I stayed home."
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"because と so は基本的に同時に使いません。"
    },

    {
      type:"使い分け",
      question:"正しい英文はどれ？",
      guide:"when の後ろの形を確認しよう。",
      choices:[
        "When arrived, I was happy.",
        "When I arrived, I was happy.",
        "When I arrive happy.",
        "When arriving I happy."
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"when の後ろには、主語＋動詞の I arrived を置きます。"
    }

  ];

  const app = document.getElementById("takotaConjunctionQuiz");

  let currentIndex = 0;
  let score = 0;
  let answered = false;

  function renderQuestion(){
    const item = quizData[currentIndex];
    answered = false;

    app.innerHTML = `
      <div class="tj-progress">
        🐙 ${currentIndex + 1} / ${quizData.length}
      </div>

      <div class="tj-type">
        ${item.type}
      </div>

      <div class="tj-question">
        ${item.question}
      </div>

      <div class="tj-guide">
        ${item.guide}
      </div>

      <div class="tj-choices">
        ${item.choices.map((choice,index)=>`
          <button
            type="button"
            class="tj-choice"
            data-index="${index}"
          >
            ${choice}
          </button>
        `).join("")}
      </div>

      <div class="tj-result" hidden></div>

      <button
        type="button"
        class="tj-next"
        hidden
      >
        ${currentIndex === quizData.length - 1
          ? "結果を見る ▶"
          : "つぎへ ▶"}
      </button>
    `;

    const choiceButtons =
      app.querySelectorAll(".tj-choice");

    const nextButton =
      app.querySelector(".tj-next");

    choiceButtons.forEach(button=>{
      button.addEventListener("click",function(){
        checkAnswer(
          Number(this.dataset.index)
        );
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    });

    nextButton.addEventListener(
      "click",
      nextQuestion
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  function checkAnswer(selectedIndex){
    if(answered){
      return;
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    answered = true;

    const item = quizData[currentIndex];

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      app.querySelectorAll(".tj-choice");

    const resultBox =
      app.querySelector(".tj-result");

    const nextButton =
      app.querySelector(".tj-next");

    choiceButtons.forEach((button,index)=>{
      button.disabled = true;

      if(index === item.answer){
        button.classList.add("tj-correct");
      }

      if(
        index === selectedIndex &&
        selectedIndex !== item.answer
      ){
        button.classList.add("tj-wrong");
      }
    });

    if(selectedIndex === item.answer){
      score++;

      resultBox.innerHTML = `
        ⭕ 正解！
        <span class="tj-explanation">
          ${item.explanation}
        </span>
      `;
    }else{
      resultBox.innerHTML = `
        ❌ 不正解…
        <span class="tj-explanation">
          ${item.explanation}
        </span>
      `;
    }

    resultBox.hidden = false;
    nextButton.hidden = false;
  }

  function nextQuestion(){
    currentIndex++;

    if(currentIndex < quizData.length){
      renderQuestion();
    }else{
      renderResult();
    }
  }

  function renderResult(){
    let message = "";

    if(score === quizData.length){
      message =
        "全問正解！接続詞マスターやで🎉";
    }else if(score >= 16){
      message =
        "すごい！when・if・because・thatをしっかり使い分けられてるで✨";
    }else if(score >= 12){
      message =
        "あと少し！ifの後ろの形と、becauseの使い方を復習しよう。";
    }else{
      message =
        "まずは4つの接続詞の意味から復習してみよう🐙";
    }

    app.innerHTML = `
      <h2>🎉 クイズ終了！</h2>

      <div class="tj-score">
        ${score} / ${quizData.length} 正解
      </div>

      <p class="tj-finish-message">
        ${message}
      </p>

      <p class="tj-finish-message">
        今回のポイントはこの4つ！<br><br>

        <strong>when</strong><br>
        ＝「〜するとき」<br><br>

        <strong>if</strong><br>
        ＝「もし〜なら」<br><br>

        <strong>because</strong><br>
        ＝「〜なので」<br><br>

        <strong>that</strong><br>
        ＝「〜ということ」
      </p>

      <p class="tj-finish-message">
        🐙 ifの後ろは未来でも現在形！<br>
        🐙 becauseとsoは一緒に使わない！<br>
        🐙 接続詞の後ろは主語＋動詞！
      </p>

      <button
        type="button"
        class="tj-retry"
      >
        もう一度
      </button>
    `;

    app
      .querySelector(".tj-retry")
      .addEventListener(
        "click",
        function(){
          currentIndex = 0;
          score = 0;
          renderQuestion();
        }
      );
  }

  renderQuestion();

})();
</script>

  <h2>🐙 まとめ</h2>
  <section class="takota-conj-summary">
    <p>接続詞は、</p>
    <p><strong>「文と文をつなぐ言葉」</strong></p>
    <p>です。</p>
    <p>英検3級では、まずこの4つを覚えよう！</p>
    <p>✅ <strong>when</strong><br>＝ 〜するとき</p>
    <p>✅ <strong>if</strong><br>＝ もし〜なら</p>
    <p>✅ <strong>because</strong><br>＝ 〜なので</p>
    <p>✅ <strong>that</strong><br>＝ 〜ということ</p>
    <p>特に、</p>
    <p><strong>ifの後ろは未来でも現在形</strong></p>
    <p>になることを覚えておこう！</p>
  </section>

  <nav class="takota-conj-nav" aria-label="英文ルール記事ナビ">
    <a class="takota-conj-nav-prev" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-05/">← 前の問題へ<br>⑤ 比較（発展）</a>
    <a class="takota-conj-nav-center" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule/">🐙 一覧へ戻る</a>
    <a class="takota-conj-nav-next" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-07/">次の問題へ →<br>⑦ 関係代名詞</a>
  </nav>
</article>

<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-06/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑥｜接続詞（発展）</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
					<wfw:commentRss>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-06/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑤｜比較（発展）</title>
		<link>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-05/</link>
					<comments>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-05/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[じゅにさん]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 02 Aug 2026 01:23:29 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[🐙タコタの英文ルール📖]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[🟦 英検3級 英語シリーズ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃タコタ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃文法]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃比較]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃英検３級]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[#英語学習]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://jouniorsankosodate.com/?p=7327</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>英検3級でよく出る比較表現を中学生向けにわかりやすく解説！比較級・最上級・as ～ asの形や使い分けを、例文と20問のタコタクイズで楽しく学べます。</p>
<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-05/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑤｜比較（発展）</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
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  <h1 class="takota-comp-title">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑤｜比較（発展）</h1>

  <section class="takota-comp-lead">
    <p>英検3級では、</p>
    <p>「どちらが大きい？」<br>「いちばん好きなのは？」<br>「同じくらい？」</p>
    <p>のように、ものや人を比べる表現がよく出ます。</p>
    <p>比較には、大きく分けて3種類あります。</p>
    <p>✅ 比較級（〜より）</p>
    <p>✅ 最上級（いちばん〜）</p>
    <p>✅ as ～ as（〜と同じくらい）</p>
    <p>この3つを覚えればOKです！</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 比較級「〜より」</h2>
  <section class="takota-comp-rule">
    <p>比較級は、</p>
    <p><span class="takota-comp-formula">A is 比較級 than B</span></p>
    <p>で、</p>
    <p>「AはBより〜です」</p>
    <p>という意味になります。</p>
  </section>
  <div class="takota-comp-example">
    <span class="takota-comp-en">My dog is bigger than yours.</span>
    <span class="takota-comp-ja">私の犬はあなたの犬より大きいです。</span>
    <span class="takota-comp-en">Tom is taller than Ken.</span>
    <span class="takota-comp-ja">トムはケンより背が高いです。</span>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-comp-point">
    <p>「〜より」の部分は than です。</p>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 比較級の作り方</h2>
  <p>短い単語は、基本的に <strong>er</strong> をつけます。</p>
  <div class="takota-comp-table-wrap">
    <table class="takota-comp-table">
      <thead><tr><th>原級</th><th>比較級</th></tr></thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr><td>tall</td><td>taller</td></tr>
        <tr><td>small</td><td>smaller</td></tr>
        <tr><td>fast</td><td>faster</td></tr>
        <tr><td>long</td><td>longer</td></tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>
  <p>長い単語は、前に <strong>more</strong> をつけます。</p>
  <div class="takota-comp-table-wrap">
    <table class="takota-comp-table">
      <thead><tr><th>原級</th><th>比較級</th></tr></thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr><td>beautiful</td><td>more beautiful</td></tr>
        <tr><td>interesting</td><td>more interesting</td></tr>
        <tr><td>famous</td><td>more famous</td></tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 最上級「いちばん〜」</h2>
  <section class="takota-comp-rule">
    <p>最上級は、</p>
    <p><span class="takota-comp-formula">the＋最上級</span></p>
    <p>で、</p>
    <p>「いちばん〜」</p>
    <p>という意味になります。</p>
  </section>
  <div class="takota-comp-example">
    <span class="takota-comp-en">Mt. Fuji is the highest mountain in Japan.</span>
    <span class="takota-comp-ja">富士山は日本でいちばん高い山です。</span>
    <span class="takota-comp-en">She is the tallest in her class.</span>
    <span class="takota-comp-ja">彼女はクラスでいちばん背が高いです。</span>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 最上級の作り方</h2>
  <p>短い単語は、基本的に <strong>est</strong> をつけます。</p>
  <div class="takota-comp-table-wrap">
    <table class="takota-comp-table">
      <thead><tr><th>原級</th><th>最上級</th></tr></thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr><td>tall</td><td>tallest</td></tr>
        <tr><td>fast</td><td>fastest</td></tr>
        <tr><td>long</td><td>longest</td></tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>
  <p>長い単語は、前に <strong>the most</strong> をつけます。</p>
  <div class="takota-comp-table-wrap">
    <table class="takota-comp-table">
      <thead><tr><th>原級</th><th>最上級</th></tr></thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr><td>beautiful</td><td>the most beautiful</td></tr>
        <tr><td>interesting</td><td>the most interesting</td></tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 as ～ as「〜と同じくらい」</h2>
  <section class="takota-comp-rule">
    <p>同じくらいを表すときは、</p>
    <p><span class="takota-comp-formula">as＋原級＋as</span></p>
    <p>を使います。</p>
  </section>
  <div class="takota-comp-example">
    <span class="takota-comp-en">Tom is as tall as Ken.</span>
    <span class="takota-comp-ja">トムはケンと同じくらい背が高いです。</span>
    <span class="takota-comp-en">This book is as interesting as that one.</span>
    <span class="takota-comp-ja">この本はあの本と同じくらい面白いです。</span>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-comp-point">
    <p>as ～ as の真ん中には、比較級ではなく原級を置きます。</p>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-comp-wrong">❌ as taller as</div>
  <div class="takota-comp-right">⭕ as tall as</div>

  <h2>🐙 よくある間違い</h2>
  <h3>① thanを忘れる</h3>
  <div class="takota-comp-wrong">❌ Tom is taller Ken.</div>
  <div class="takota-comp-right">⭕ Tom is taller than Ken.</div>
  <p>比較級で「〜より」と表すときは、thanを使います。</p>
  <h3>② as ～ asの真ん中</h3>
  <div class="takota-comp-wrong">❌ Tom is as taller as Ken.</div>
  <div class="takota-comp-right">⭕ Tom is as tall as Ken.</div>
  <p>as ～ asの真ん中には原級を置きます。</p>
  <h3>③ 最上級のtheを忘れる</h3>
  <div class="takota-comp-wrong">❌ She is tallest in her class.</div>
  <div class="takota-comp-right">⭕ She is the tallest in her class.</div>
  <p>最上級の前にはtheを置きます。</p>

  <h2>🐙 タコタの覚え方</h2>
  <div class="takota-comp-memory-grid">
    <div class="takota-comp-memory">
      <p>✅ <strong>比較級＋than</strong><br>＝「〜より」</p>
      <p><strong>A is taller than B.</strong></p>
    </div>
    <div class="takota-comp-memory">
      <p>✅ <strong>the＋最上級</strong><br>＝「いちばん〜」</p>
      <p><strong>She is the tallest.</strong></p>
    </div>
    <div class="takota-comp-memory">
      <p>✅ <strong>as＋原級＋as</strong><br>＝「〜と同じくらい」</p>
      <p><strong>Tom is as tall as Ken.</strong></p>
    </div>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 見分け方</h2>
  <div class="takota-comp-table-wrap">
    <table class="takota-comp-table">
      <thead><tr><th>見つける言葉・形</th><th>意味</th></tr></thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr><td>比較級＋than</td><td>〜より</td></tr>
        <tr><td>the＋最上級</td><td>いちばん〜</td></tr>
        <tr><td>as＋原級＋as</td><td>〜と同じくらい</td></tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 タコタクイズに挑戦！</h2>
  <p>比較級・最上級・as ～ asの違いがわかったら、20問クイズに挑戦してみよう！</p>

  <div id="takotaComparisonQuiz"></div>

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  border-radius:16px;
  background:#fff;
  font-size:18px;
  font-weight:bold;
  line-height:1.7;
}

#takotaComparisonQuiz .tc-explanation{
  display:block;
  margin-top:7px;
  font-size:15px;
  font-weight:normal;
}

#takotaComparisonQuiz .tc-next,
#takotaComparisonQuiz .tc-retry{
  margin-top:20px;
  padding:12px 25px;
  border:none;
  border-radius:999px;
  background:#ff9d58;
  color:#fff;
  font-size:16px;
  font-weight:bold;
  cursor:pointer;
}

#takotaComparisonQuiz .tc-next:hover,
#takotaComparisonQuiz .tc-retry:hover{
  opacity:.88;
}

#takotaComparisonQuiz .tc-score{
  font-size:27px;
  color:#4a88d8;
  font-weight:bold;
  margin:18px 0;
}

#takotaComparisonQuiz .tc-finish-message{
  line-height:1.8;
}

@media screen and (max-width:600px){
  #takotaComparisonQuiz{
    padding:17px 12px;
  }

  #takotaComparisonQuiz .tc-question{
    font-size:19px;
  }

  #takotaComparisonQuiz .tc-guide{
    font-size:15px;
  }

  #takotaComparisonQuiz .tc-choice{
    width:96%;
    padding:12px 10px;
    font-size:14px;
  }
}
</style>

<script>
(function(){
  "use strict";

  const quizData = [

    /* 訳を選ぼう 8問 */

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"Tom is taller than Ken.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "トムはケンと同じくらい背が高いです。",
        "トムはケンより背が高いです。",
        "トムはケンより背が低いです。",
        "トムはクラスでいちばん背が高いです。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"taller than は「〜より背が高い」です。than が比較級の目印です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"My dog is bigger than yours.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "私の犬はあなたの犬より大きいです。",
        "私の犬はあなたの犬と同じ大きさです。",
        "私の犬はいちばん大きいです。",
        "あなたの犬は私の犬より大きいです。"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"bigger than は「〜より大きい」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"She is the tallest in her class.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "彼女はクラスで背が高いです。",
        "彼女はクラスの友達より背が高いです。",
        "彼女はクラスでいちばん背が高いです。",
        "彼女はクラスで同じくらい背が高いです。"
      ],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"the tallest は「いちばん背が高い」。最上級です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"Mt. Fuji is the highest mountain in Japan.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "富士山は日本で高い山です。",
        "富士山は日本でいちばん高い山です。",
        "富士山は日本の山より高いです。",
        "富士山は日本の山と同じ高さです。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"the highest は「いちばん高い」。最上級には the を使います。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"Tom is as tall as Ken.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "トムはケンより背が高いです。",
        "トムはケンほど背が高くありません。",
        "トムはケンと同じくらい背が高いです。",
        "トムはいちばん背が高いです。"
      ],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"as tall as は「〜と同じくらい背が高い」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"This book is as interesting as that one.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "この本はあの本より面白いです。",
        "この本はあの本と同じくらい面白いです。",
        "この本がいちばん面白いです。",
        "この本はあの本ほど長くありません。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"as interesting as は「〜と同じくらい面白い」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"This movie is more interesting than that one.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "この映画はあの映画より面白いです。",
        "この映画はあの映画と同じくらい面白いです。",
        "この映画がいちばん面白いです。",
        "この映画はあの映画より短いです。"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"more interesting than は「〜より面白い」です。長い単語には more を使います。"
    },

    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"This is the most beautiful park in the city.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "これは町で美しい公園です。",
        "これは町の公園より美しいです。",
        "これは町でいちばん美しい公園です。",
        "これは町の公園と同じくらい美しいです。"
      ],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"the most beautiful は「いちばん美しい」です。"
    },

    /* 穴埋め 6問 */

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"Tom is taller ___ Ken.",
      guide:"トムはケンより背が高いです。",
      choices:[
        "as",
        "than",
        "the",
        "most"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"比較級の後ろには than を使います。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"My dog is ___ than yours.",
      guide:"私の犬はあなたの犬より大きいです。",
      choices:[
        "big",
        "bigger",
        "biggest",
        "more big"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"big の比較級は bigger です。最後の文字を重ねて er をつけます。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"She is ___ tallest in her class.",
      guide:"彼女はクラスでいちばん背が高いです。",
      choices:[
        "a",
        "an",
        "the",
        "as"
      ],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"最上級の前には the を置きます。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"Mt. Fuji is the ___ mountain in Japan.",
      guide:"富士山は日本でいちばん高い山です。",
      choices:[
        "high",
        "higher",
        "highest",
        "more high"
      ],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"high の最上級は highest です。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"Tom is as ___ as Ken.",
      guide:"トムはケンと同じくらい背が高いです。",
      choices:[
        "tall",
        "taller",
        "tallest",
        "more tall"
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"as ～ as の真ん中には原級を置きます。tall が正解です。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"This book is ___ interesting than that one.",
      guide:"この本はあの本より面白いです。",
      choices:[
        "most",
        "more",
        "as",
        "the"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"interesting の比較級は more interesting です。"
    },

    /* 並び替え 6問 */

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"トムはケンより背が高いです。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "Tom is taller than Ken.",
        "Tom taller is than Ken.",
        "Tom is than taller Ken.",
        "Tom is tallest than Ken."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"Tom is taller than Ken. が正解です。比較級＋than の順番です。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"私の犬はあなたの犬より大きいです。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "My dog bigger is than yours.",
        "My dog is bigger than yours.",
        "My dog is biggest than yours.",
        "My dog is than bigger yours."
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"My dog is bigger than yours. が正しい語順です。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"彼女はクラスでいちばん背が高いです。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "She is tallest the in her class.",
        "She the tallest is in her class.",
        "She is the tallest in her class.",
        "She is taller in her class."
      ],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"最上級は the tallest の形です。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"富士山は日本でいちばん高い山です。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "Mt. Fuji is the highest mountain in Japan.",
        "Mt. Fuji the highest is mountain in Japan.",
        "Mt. Fuji is higher mountain in Japan.",
        "Mt. Fuji is the high mountain in Japan."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"Mt. Fuji is the highest mountain in Japan. が正解です。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"トムはケンと同じくらい背が高いです。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "Tom is tall as as Ken.",
        "Tom is as taller as Ken.",
        "Tom as is tall as Ken.",
        "Tom is as tall as Ken."
      ],
      answer:3,
      explanation:"as＋原級＋as の順番です。as tall as が正解です。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"この映画はあの映画より面白いです。",
      guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "This movie is more interesting than that one.",
        "This movie more is interesting than that one.",
        "This movie is most interesting than that one.",
        "This movie is as interesting than that one."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"more interesting than の順番で「〜より面白い」です。"
    }

  ];

  const app = document.getElementById("takotaComparisonQuiz");

  let currentIndex = 0;
  let score = 0;
  let answered = false;

  function renderQuestion(){

    const item = quizData[currentIndex];
    answered = false;

    app.innerHTML = `
      <div class="tc-progress">
        🐙 ${currentIndex + 1} / ${quizData.length}
      </div>

      <div class="tc-type">
        ${item.type}
      </div>

      <div class="tc-question">
        ${item.question}
      </div>

      <div class="tc-guide">
        ${item.guide}
      </div>

      <div class="tc-choices">
        ${item.choices.map((choice,index)=>`
          <button
            type="button"
            class="tc-choice"
            data-index="${index}"
          >
            ${choice}
          </button>
        `).join("")}
      </div>

      <div class="tc-result" hidden></div>

      <button
        type="button"
        class="tc-next"
        hidden
      >
        ${currentIndex === quizData.length - 1
          ? "結果を見る ▶"
          : "つぎへ ▶"}
      </button>
    `;

    const choiceButtons =
      app.querySelectorAll(".tc-choice");

    const nextButton =
      app.querySelector(".tc-next");

    choiceButtons.forEach(button=>{
      button.addEventListener("click",function(){
        checkAnswer(
          Number(this.dataset.index)
        );
      });
    });

    nextButton.addEventListener(
      "click",
      nextQuestion
    );
  }

  function checkAnswer(selectedIndex){

    if(answered){
      return;
    }

    answered = true;

    const item = quizData[currentIndex];

    const choiceButtons =
      app.querySelectorAll(".tc-choice");

    const resultBox =
      app.querySelector(".tc-result");

    const nextButton =
      app.querySelector(".tc-next");

    choiceButtons.forEach((button,index)=>{

      button.disabled = true;

      if(index === item.answer){
        button.classList.add("tc-correct");
      }

      if(
        index === selectedIndex &&
        selectedIndex !== item.answer
      ){
        button.classList.add("tc-wrong");
      }
    });

    if(selectedIndex === item.answer){

      score++;

      resultBox.innerHTML = `
        ⭕ 正解！
        <span class="tc-explanation">
          ${item.explanation}
        </span>
      `;

    }else{

      resultBox.innerHTML = `
        ❌ 不正解…
        <span class="tc-explanation">
          ${item.explanation}
        </span>
      `;
    }

    resultBox.hidden = false;
    nextButton.hidden = false;
  }

  function nextQuestion(){

    currentIndex++;

    if(currentIndex < quizData.length){
      renderQuestion();
    }else{
      renderResult();
    }
  }

  function renderResult(){

    let message = "";

    if(score === quizData.length){

      message =
        "全問正解！比較マスターやで🎉";

    }else if(score >= 16){

      message =
        "すごい！比較級・最上級・as ～ asをしっかり理解できてるで✨";

    }else if(score >= 12){

      message =
        "あと少し！than・the・as ～ asをもう一度確認しよう。";

    }else{

      message =
        "まずは「〜より・いちばん・同じくらい」の3つから復習しよう🐙";
    }

    app.innerHTML = `

      <h2>🎉 クイズ終了！</h2>

      <div class="tc-score">
        ${score} / ${quizData.length} 正解
      </div>

      <p class="tc-finish-message">
        ${message}
      </p>

      <p class="tc-finish-message">
        比較のポイントは3つ！<br><br>

        <strong>比較級＋than</strong><br>
        ＝「〜より」<br><br>

        <strong>the＋最上級</strong><br>
        ＝「いちばん〜」<br><br>

        <strong>as＋原級＋as</strong><br>
        ＝「〜と同じくらい」
      </p>

      <button
        type="button"
        class="tc-retry"
      >
        もう一度
      </button>
    `;

    app
      .querySelector(".tc-retry")
      .addEventListener(
        "click",
        function(){

          currentIndex = 0;
          score = 0;

          renderQuestion();
        }
      );
  }

  renderQuestion();

})();
</script>

  <h2>🐙 まとめ</h2>
  <section class="takota-comp-summary">
    <p>比較は3つ覚えよう！</p>
    <p>✅ <strong>比較級＋than</strong><br>＝「〜より」</p>
    <p>✅ <strong>the＋最上級</strong><br>＝「いちばん〜」</p>
    <p>✅ <strong>as＋原級＋as</strong><br>＝「〜と同じくらい」</p>
    <p>まずは、</p>
    <p>than<br>the＋最上級<br>as ～ as</p>
    <p>を見つけられるようになろう！</p>
  </section>

  <nav class="takota-comp-nav" aria-label="英文ルール記事ナビ">
    <a class="takota-comp-nav-prev" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-04/">← 前の問題へ<br>④ 動名詞</a>
    <a class="takota-comp-nav-center" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule/">🐙 一覧へ戻る</a>
    <a class="takota-comp-nav-next" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-06/">次の問題へ →<br>⑥ 接続詞（発展）</a>
  </nav>
</article>

<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-05/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール⑤｜比較（発展）</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
					<wfw:commentRss>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-05/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール④｜動名詞（動詞＋ing）</title>
		<link>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-04/</link>
					<comments>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-04/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[じゅにさん]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 02 Aug 2026 01:06:04 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[🐙タコタの英文ルール📖]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[🟦 英検3級 英語シリーズ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃タコタ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃文法]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃英検３級]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[#英語学習]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://jouniorsankosodate.com/?p=7324</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>英検3級でよく出る動名詞を中学生向けにわかりやすく解説！動詞＋ingの作り方、like・enjoy・finish・Thank you for〜ing、不定詞との違いまで例文と20問クイズで楽しく学べます。</p>
<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-04/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール④｜動名詞（動詞＋ing）</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
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  <h1 class="takota-gerund-title">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール④｜動名詞（動詞＋ing）</h1>

  <section class="takota-gerund-lead">
    <p>英検3級では、</p>
    <p><strong>「〜すること」</strong></p>
    <p>を表す<strong>動名詞</strong>がよく出てきます。</p>
    <p>作り方はかんたん！</p>
    <p><span class="takota-gerund-formula">動詞＋ing</span></p>
    <div class="takota-gerund-example">
      <span class="takota-gerund-en">I like playing soccer.</span>
      <span class="takota-gerund-ja">私はサッカーをすることが好きです。</span>
    </div>
    <p>この playing が動名詞です。</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 動名詞ってなに？</h2>
  <p>動詞に <strong>ing</strong> をつけると、</p>
  <p>「〜する」という動作を</p>
  <p>👉 <strong>「〜すること」</strong></p>
  <p>として表せます。</p>
  <div class="takota-gerund-rule">
    <p><strong>play</strong><br>する・遊ぶ</p>
    <p>↓ ing</p>
    <p><strong>playing</strong><br>すること・遊ぶこと</p>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-gerund-example">
    <p>例文</p>
    <span class="takota-gerund-en">Playing soccer is fun.</span>
    <span class="takota-gerund-ja">サッカーをすることは楽しいです。</span>
  </div>
  <p>ここでは Playing soccer 全体が、</p>
  <p><strong>「サッカーをすること」</strong></p>
  <p>という意味になっています。</p>

  <h2>🐙 like ＋ 動名詞</h2>
  <p>英検でもよく見る形！</p>
  <p><span class="takota-gerund-formula">like＋動詞ing</span><br>＝「〜することが好き」</p>
  <div class="takota-gerund-example">
    <p>例文</p>
    <span class="takota-gerund-en">I like playing soccer.</span>
    <span class="takota-gerund-ja">私はサッカーをすることが好きです。</span>
    <span class="takota-gerund-en">She likes reading books.</span>
    <span class="takota-gerund-ja">彼女は本を読むことが好きです。</span>
  </div>
  <p>🐙 likes になっても、後ろは reading のまま！</p>

  <h2>🐙 enjoy ＋ 動名詞</h2>
  <p><span class="takota-gerund-formula">enjoy＋動詞ing</span><br>＝「〜することを楽しむ」</p>
  <div class="takota-gerund-example">
    <p>例文</p>
    <span class="takota-gerund-en">I enjoy listening to music.</span>
    <span class="takota-gerund-ja">私は音楽を聴くことを楽しみます。</span>
    <span class="takota-gerund-en">We enjoyed playing tennis.</span>
    <span class="takota-gerund-ja">私たちはテニスをして楽しみました。</span>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-gerund-point">
    <p>⚠️ ここ注意！</p>
    <p>enjoy の後ろには、基本的に <strong>動名詞</strong>を置きます。</p>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-gerund-wrong">❌ I enjoy to play tennis.</div>
  <div class="takota-gerund-right">⭕ I enjoy playing tennis.</div>
  <p>ここ、クイズにも入れたいポイントやな。</p>

  <h2>🐙 finish ＋ 動名詞</h2>
  <p><span class="takota-gerund-formula">finish＋動詞ing</span><br>＝「〜し終える」</p>
  <div class="takota-gerund-example">
    <p>例文</p>
    <span class="takota-gerund-en">I finished doing my homework.</span>
    <span class="takota-gerund-ja">私は宿題をし終えました。</span>
    <span class="takota-gerund-en">She finished reading the book.</span>
    <span class="takota-gerund-ja">彼女はその本を読み終えました。</span>
  </div>
  <p>finish の後ろも <strong>動詞＋ing</strong>！</p>

  <h2>🐙 Thank you for ＋ 動名詞</h2>
  <p>これも英検で覚えておきたい形。</p>
  <p><span class="takota-gerund-formula">Thank you for＋動詞ing</span><br>＝「〜してくれてありがとう」</p>
  <div class="takota-gerund-example">
    <p>例文</p>
    <span class="takota-gerund-en">Thank you for helping me.</span>
    <span class="takota-gerund-ja">手伝ってくれてありがとう。</span>
    <span class="takota-gerund-en">Thank you for coming today.</span>
    <span class="takota-gerund-ja">今日は来てくれてありがとう。</span>
  </div>
  <p>ここでは、</p>
  <p><strong>for＋動詞ing</strong></p>
  <p>になるのがポイント！</p>

  <h2>🐙 前置詞の後ろは「動詞＋ing」</h2>
  <p>これ、かなり大事！</p>
  <p>for などの<strong>前置詞の後ろに動詞を置くときは、動名詞にします。</strong></p>
  <div class="takota-gerund-example">
    <p>例</p>
    <span class="takota-gerund-en">Thank you for helping me.</span>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-gerund-wrong">❌ for help<br>❌ for to help</div>
  <div class="takota-gerund-right">⭕ <strong>for helping</strong></div>
  <p>まずは</p>
  <p><strong>前置詞＋動詞ing</strong></p>
  <p>と覚えておけばOK！</p>

  <h2>🐙 動名詞の作り方</h2>
  <p>基本は動詞に ing をつけます。</p>
  <div class="takota-gerund-table-wrap">
    <table class="takota-gerund-table">
      <thead>
        <tr><th>動詞</th><th>動名詞</th></tr>
      </thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr><td>play</td><td>playing</td></tr>
        <tr><td>read</td><td>reading</td></tr>
        <tr><td>study</td><td>studying</td></tr>
        <tr><td>help</td><td>helping</td></tr>
        <tr><td>listen</td><td>listening</td></tr>
        <tr><td>come</td><td>coming</td></tr>
        <tr><td>swim</td><td>swimming</td></tr>
        <tr><td>run</td><td>running</td></tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>
  <div class="takota-gerund-point">
    <p>⚠️ ingのつけ方にも注意</p>
    <p><strong>come → coming</strong></p>
    <p>最後の e を取ります。</p>
    <p><strong>run → running</strong></p>
    <p>最後の文字を重ねます。</p>
  </div>
  <p>ただ、この記事では細かいルールを全部覚えなくてもOK。</p>
  <p>よく使う形から覚えよう！</p>

  <h2>🐙 不定詞と動名詞、何が違う？</h2>
  <p>③で勉強した不定詞も、</p>
  <p><strong>「〜すること」</strong></p>
  <p>という意味になることがありました。</p>
  <div class="takota-gerund-rule">
    <p>不定詞</p>
    <p><strong>to＋動詞の原形</strong></p>
    <p>動名詞</p>
    <p><strong>動詞＋ing</strong></p>
  </div>
  <p>どっちも「〜すること」になる場合があります。</p>

  <h2>🐙 両方使えるものもある！</h2>
  <p>たとえば like。</p>
  <div class="takota-gerund-example">
    <span class="takota-gerund-en">I like to play soccer.</span>
    <span class="takota-gerund-en">I like playing soccer.</span>
  </div>
  <p>どちらも、</p>
  <p>「私はサッカーをすることが好きです。」</p>
  <p>という意味で使えます。</p>
  <p>英検3級ではまず、</p>
  <p><strong>likeは to＋動詞 も 動詞ing も使える</strong></p>
  <p>と覚えておけばOK！</p>

  <h2>🐙 でも、どっちでもいいわけじゃない！</h2>
  <p>ここが今回いちばん大事！</p>
  <h3>enjoy</h3>
  <div class="takota-gerund-right">⭕ I enjoy <strong>playing</strong> soccer.</div>
  <div class="takota-gerund-wrong">❌ I enjoy <strong>to play</strong> soccer.</div>
  <h3>finish</h3>
  <div class="takota-gerund-right">⭕ I finished <strong>doing</strong> my homework.</div>
  <div class="takota-gerund-wrong">❌ I finished <strong>to do</strong> my homework.</div>
  <p>つまり、</p>
  <p><strong>後ろに動名詞を使うと決まっている動詞</strong></p>
  <p>があります。</p>

  <h2>🐙 タコタの覚え方</h2>
  <div class="takota-gerund-memory">
    <p><strong>動名詞の基本</strong></p>
    <p>🐙 <strong>動詞＋ing ＝「〜すること」</strong></p>
    <p>そして、この3つをセットで覚えよう！</p>
    <ul class="takota-gerund-list">
      <li>✅ <strong>like＋ing</strong><br>〜することが好き</li>
      <li>✅ <strong>enjoy＋ing</strong><br>〜することを楽しむ</li>
      <li>✅ <strong>finish＋ing</strong><br>〜し終える</li>
      <li>✅ <strong>Thank you for＋ing</strong><br>〜してくれてありがとう</li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 よくある間違い</h2>
  <h3>① enjoyの後ろ</h3>
  <div class="takota-gerund-wrong">❌ I enjoy to play soccer.</div>
  <div class="takota-gerund-right">⭕ I enjoy <strong>playing</strong> soccer.</div>
  <p>enjoy の後ろは動名詞！</p>
  <h3>② finishの後ろ</h3>
  <div class="takota-gerund-wrong">❌ I finished to read the book.</div>
  <div class="takota-gerund-right">⭕ I finished <strong>reading</strong> the book.</div>
  <p>finish の後ろも動名詞！</p>
  <h3>③ forの後ろ</h3>
  <div class="takota-gerund-wrong">❌ Thank you for help me.</div>
  <div class="takota-gerund-right">⭕ Thank you for <strong>helping</strong> me.</div>
  <p>前置詞 for の後ろに動詞を置くなら <strong>ing</strong>！</p>

  <h2>🐙 タコタクイズ</h2>
  <div id="takotaGerundQuiz"></div>

  <h2>🐙 まとめ</h2>
  <section class="takota-gerund-summary">
    <p>動名詞は、</p>
    <p><strong>動詞＋ing</strong></p>
    <p>で、</p>
    <p><strong>「〜すること」</strong></p>
    <p>を表します。</p>
    <p>特に覚えたいのはこれ！</p>
    <p><strong>like＋ing</strong><br>→ 〜することが好き</p>
    <p><strong>enjoy＋ing</strong><br>→ 〜することを楽しむ</p>
    <p><strong>finish＋ing</strong><br>→ 〜し終える</p>
    <p><strong>Thank you for＋ing</strong><br>→ 〜してくれてありがとう</p>
    <p>そして、</p>
    <p><strong>enjoy・finishの後ろは to＋動詞じゃなくて「ing」！</strong></p>
  </section>

  <nav class="takota-gerund-nav" aria-label="英文ルール記事ナビ">
    <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-03/">← 前の問題へ<br>③ 不定詞（発展）</a>
    <a class="takota-gerund-nav-center" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule/">🐙 一覧へ戻る</a>
    <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-05/">次の問題へ →<br>⑤ 比較（発展）</a>
  </nav>

  <script>
  (function(){
    "use strict";

    const quizData = [
      {
        type:"訳を選ぼう",
        question:"I like playing soccer.",
        guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
        choices:[
          "私はサッカーをしたいです。",
          "私はサッカーをすることが好きです。",
          "私はサッカーをする必要があります。",
          "私はサッカーをしました。"
        ],
        answer:1,
        explanation:"like＋動詞ing で「〜することが好き」です。"
      },
      {
        type:"訳を選ぼう",
        question:"She likes reading books.",
        guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
        choices:[
          "彼女は本を読むことが好きです。",
          "彼女は本を読み終えました。",
          "彼女は本を読みたいです。",
          "彼女は本を読む必要があります。"
        ],
        answer:0,
        explanation:"reading は「読むこと」。動詞＋ingで「〜すること」を表します。"
      },
      {
        type:"訳を選ぼう",
        question:"I enjoy listening to music.",
        guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
        choices:[
          "私は音楽を聴きたいです。",
          "私は音楽を聴く必要があります。",
          "私は音楽を聴くことを楽しみます。",
          "私は音楽を聴き終えました。"
        ],
        answer:2,
        explanation:"enjoy＋動詞ing で「〜することを楽しむ」です。"
      },
      {
        type:"訳を選ぼう",
        question:"We enjoyed playing tennis.",
        guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
        choices:[
          "私たちはテニスをして楽しみました。",
          "私たちはテニスをしたいです。",
          "私たちはテニスをしようとしました。",
          "私たちはテニスをする必要がありました。"
        ],
        answer:0,
        explanation:"enjoyed は enjoy の過去形。後ろは playing のままです。"
      },
      {
        type:"訳を選ぼう",
        question:"I finished doing my homework.",
        guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
        choices:[
          "私は宿題をしたいです。",
          "私は宿題をする必要があります。",
          "私は宿題をし始めました。",
          "私は宿題をし終えました。"
        ],
        answer:3,
        explanation:"finish＋動詞ing で「〜し終える」です。"
      },
      {
        type:"訳を選ぼう",
        question:"She finished reading the book.",
        guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
        choices:[
          "彼女はその本を読み始めました。",
          "彼女はその本を読み終えました。",
          "彼女はその本を読みたいです。",
          "彼女はその本を読むことが好きです。"
        ],
        answer:1,
        explanation:"finished reading で「読み終えた」です。"
      },
      {
        type:"訳を選ぼう",
        question:"Thank you for helping me.",
        guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
        choices:[
          "私を手伝ってください。",
          "私はあなたを手伝います。",
          "手伝ってくれてありがとう。",
          "手伝う必要があります。"
        ],
        answer:2,
        explanation:"Thank you for＋動詞ing で「〜してくれてありがとう」です。"
      },
      {
        type:"訳を選ぼう",
        question:"Playing soccer is fun.",
        guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
        choices:[
          "サッカーをすることは楽しいです。",
          "サッカーをしたいです。",
          "サッカーをする必要があります。",
          "サッカーをしようとしています。"
        ],
        answer:0,
        explanation:"Playing soccer 全体で「サッカーをすること」という意味です。"
      },
      {
        type:"穴埋め",
        question:"I like ___ soccer.",
        guide:"私はサッカーをすることが好きです。",
        choices:["play","played","playing","plays"],
        answer:2,
        explanation:"like＋playing で「することが好き」です。"
      },
      {
        type:"穴埋め",
        question:"I enjoy ___ to music.",
        guide:"私は音楽を聴くことを楽しみます。",
        choices:["listen","listening","listened","to listen"],
        answer:1,
        explanation:"enjoy の後ろは動名詞。listening が正解です。"
      },
      {
        type:"穴埋め",
        question:"She finished ___ the book.",
        guide:"彼女はその本を読み終えました。",
        choices:["read","to read","reading","reads"],
        answer:2,
        explanation:"finish の後ろも動名詞。reading を使います。"
      },
      {
        type:"穴埋め",
        question:"Thank you for ___ me.",
        guide:"手伝ってくれてありがとう。",
        choices:["help","helped","to help","helping"],
        answer:3,
        explanation:"前置詞 for の後ろに動詞を置くときは、動詞＋ing にします。"
      },
      {
        type:"穴埋め",
        question:"We enjoyed ___ tennis.",
        guide:"私たちはテニスをして楽しみました。",
        choices:["played","playing","to play","plays"],
        answer:1,
        explanation:"enjoyed になっても、後ろは playing です。"
      },
      {
        type:"穴埋め",
        question:"___ English is fun.",
        guide:"英語を勉強することは楽しいです。",
        choices:["Study","Studied","Studying","Studies"],
        answer:2,
        explanation:"Studying English で「英語を勉強すること」です。"
      },
      {
        type:"並び替え",
        question:"私はサッカーをすることが好きです。",
        guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
        choices:[
          "I like playing soccer.",
          "I playing like soccer.",
          "I like play soccer.",
          "I like played soccer."
        ],
        answer:0,
        explanation:"I like playing soccer. が正解。like＋動詞ing の形です。"
      },
      {
        type:"並び替え",
        question:"私は音楽を聴くことを楽しみます。",
        guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
        choices:[
          "I enjoy to listen to music.",
          "I listening enjoy to music.",
          "I enjoy listening to music.",
          "I enjoy listen music."
        ],
        answer:2,
        explanation:"enjoy の後ろは動名詞なので、listening を使います。"
      },
      {
        type:"並び替え",
        question:"彼女はその本を読み終えました。",
        guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
        choices:[
          "She finished to read the book.",
          "She finished reading the book.",
          "She reading finished the book.",
          "She finished read the book."
        ],
        answer:1,
        explanation:"finish＋動詞ing なので、She finished reading the book. が正解です。"
      },
      {
        type:"並び替え",
        question:"手伝ってくれてありがとう。",
        guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
        choices:[
          "Thank you helping for me.",
          "Thank you for help me.",
          "Thank you for to help me.",
          "Thank you for helping me."
        ],
        answer:3,
        explanation:"Thank you for＋動詞ing の形です。"
      },
      {
        type:"不定詞との使い分け",
        question:"私は京都を訪れたいです。",
        guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",
        choices:[
          "I want visiting Kyoto.",
          "I want to visit Kyoto.",
          "I want visit Kyoto.",
          "I want to visiting Kyoto."
        ],
        answer:1,
        explanation:"want は want to＋動詞の原形。ここは動名詞ではありません。"
      },
      {
        type:"不定詞との使い分け",
        question:"正しい英文はどれ？",
        guide:"enjoy・want・need の使い分けを確認しよう。",
        choices:[
          "I enjoy to play soccer.",
          "I need playing soccer.",
          "I want playing soccer.",
          "I enjoy playing soccer."
        ],
        answer:3,
        explanation:"enjoy＋動詞ing が正解。want と need は to＋動詞の原形を使います。"
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        message = "あと少し！enjoy・finish・forの後ろをもう一度確認しよう。";
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        <div class="tg-score">${score} / ${quizData.length} 正解</div>
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          動名詞の基本は<br>
          <strong>動詞＋ing ＝「〜すること」</strong><br><br>
          like＋ing ＝ 〜することが好き<br>
          enjoy＋ing ＝ 〜することを楽しむ<br>
          finish＋ing ＝ 〜し終える<br>
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</article>

<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-04/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール④｜動名詞（動詞＋ing）</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
					<wfw:commentRss>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-04/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール③｜不定詞（発展）</title>
		<link>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-03/</link>
					<comments>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-03/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[じゅにさん]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 30 Jul 2026 04:05:58 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[🐙タコタの英文ルール📖]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[🟦 英検3級 英語シリーズ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃タコタ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃文法]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃英検３級]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[#英語学習]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://jouniorsankosodate.com/?p=7223</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>英検3級の不定詞を中学生向けにわかりやすく解説！want to・try to・need to、「〜するために」、It is 〜 to…の使い方を例文と20問クイズで楽しく学べます。</p>
<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-03/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール③｜不定詞（発展）</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></description>
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  <h1 class="takota-inf-title">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール③｜不定詞（発展）</h1>

  <section class="takota-inf-lead">
    <p>英検3級では、不定詞の基本だけでなく、</p>
    <p><strong>want to / try to / need to / It is 〜 to …</strong></p>
    <p>のような、会話や長文でよく使う形も出てきます。</p>
    <p>不定詞の基本は、</p>
    <p><span class="takota-inf-formula">to＋動詞の原形</span></p>
    <p>です。まずはこの形をしっかり見つけよう！</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 want to「〜したい」</h2>
  <section class="takota-inf-rule">
    <p><span class="takota-inf-formula">want to＋動詞の原形</span></p>
    <p>で、「〜したい」という意味になります。</p>
  </section>
  <section class="takota-inf-example">
    <span class="takota-inf-en">I want to visit Kyoto.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">私は京都を訪れたいです。</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-en">She wants to be a teacher.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">彼女は先生になりたいです。</span>
  </section>
  <section class="takota-inf-point">
    <h3>ポイント</h3>
    <p>主語が he・she のときは、<strong>want → wants</strong> になります。</p>
    <p>ただし、toの後ろは必ず動詞の原形です。</p>
    <p class="takota-inf-ng">❌ She wants to visits Kyoto.</p>
    <p class="takota-inf-ok">⭕ She wants to visit Kyoto.</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 try to「〜しようとする」</h2>
  <section class="takota-inf-rule">
    <p><span class="takota-inf-formula">try to＋動詞の原形</span></p>
    <p>で、「〜しようとする」という意味になります。</p>
  </section>
  <section class="takota-inf-example">
    <span class="takota-inf-en">I tried to open the door.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">私はそのドアを開けようとしました。</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-en">He is trying to speak English.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">彼は英語を話そうとしています。</span>
  </section>
  <section class="takota-inf-point">
    <h3>ポイント</h3>
    <p>try to は、「何かをしようとする」という意味です。</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 need to「〜する必要がある」</h2>
  <section class="takota-inf-rule">
    <p><span class="takota-inf-formula">need to＋動詞の原形</span></p>
    <p>で、「〜する必要がある」という意味になります。</p>
  </section>
  <section class="takota-inf-example">
    <span class="takota-inf-en">I need to study tonight.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">私は今夜勉強する必要があります。</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-en">We need to leave now.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">私たちは今出発する必要があります。</span>
  </section>
  <section class="takota-inf-point">
    <h3>ポイント</h3>
    <p>「必要だから〜する」というときに使います。</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 不定詞は「〜するために」も表せる</h2>
  <section class="takota-inf-rule">
    <p>不定詞には、「〜するために」という意味もあります。</p>
  </section>
  <section class="takota-inf-example">
    <span class="takota-inf-en">I went to the library to study.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">私は勉強するために図書館へ行きました。</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-en">She got up early to catch the train.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">彼女は電車に乗るために早く起きました。</span>
  </section>
  <section class="takota-inf-point">
    <h3>見分け方</h3>
    <p>「何のために？」と考えて意味が通れば、目的を表す不定詞です。</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 不定詞は「〜すること」も表せる</h2>
  <section class="takota-inf-example">
    <span class="takota-inf-en">To play soccer is fun.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">サッカーをすることは楽しいです。</span>
  </section>
  <section class="takota-inf-mini">
    <p>ただし、この形は少しかたく見えるので、英語では次の形がよく使われます。</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 It is 〜 to…「…することは〜です」</h2>
  <section class="takota-inf-rule">
    <p>英語では、</p>
    <p><span class="takota-inf-formula">It is 〜 to＋動詞の原形</span></p>
    <p>の形をよく使います。</p>
  </section>
  <section class="takota-inf-example">
    <span class="takota-inf-en">It is fun to play soccer.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">サッカーをすることは楽しいです。</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-en">It is important to study English.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">英語を勉強することは大切です。</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-en">It is difficult to answer this question.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">この質問に答えることは難しいです。</span>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 Itは「それ」と訳さない</h2>
  <section class="takota-inf-point">
    <p>この形のItは、「それ」という意味ではありません。</p>
    <p>後ろの <strong>to＋動詞の原形</strong> の内容を後ろに置くための形です。</p>
  </section>
  <section class="takota-inf-example">
    <span class="takota-inf-en">It is important to study English.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">↓</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-en">To study English is important.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">英語を勉強することは大切です。</span>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 よく使う形容詞</h2>
  <div class="takota-inf-card-grid">
    <div class="takota-inf-card"><strong>easy</strong>簡単な</div>
    <div class="takota-inf-card"><strong>difficult</strong>難しい</div>
    <div class="takota-inf-card"><strong>important</strong>大切な</div>
    <div class="takota-inf-card"><strong>fun</strong>楽しい</div>
    <div class="takota-inf-card"><strong>useful</strong>役に立つ</div>
    <div class="takota-inf-card"><strong>necessary</strong>必要な</div>
  </div>
  <section class="takota-inf-example">
    <span class="takota-inf-en">It is easy to use this computer.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">このコンピューターを使うことは簡単です。</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-en">It is necessary to practice every day.</span>
    <span class="takota-inf-ja">毎日練習することは必要です。</span>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 よくある間違い</h2>
  <section class="takota-inf-mini">
    <h3>① toの後ろを過去形にしない</h3>
    <p class="takota-inf-ng">❌ I want to went there.</p>
    <p class="takota-inf-ok">⭕ I want to go there.</p>
    <p>toの後ろは必ず動詞の原形です。</p>
  </section>
  <section class="takota-inf-mini">
    <h3>② wantsの後ろでも動詞は原形</h3>
    <p class="takota-inf-ng">❌ She wants to plays tennis.</p>
    <p class="takota-inf-ok">⭕ She wants to play tennis.</p>
    <p>主語がsheでも、toの後ろはplayです。</p>
  </section>
  <section class="takota-inf-mini">
    <h3>③ Itを「それ」と訳さない</h3>
    <p class="takota-inf-ng">❌ それは英語を勉強するために大切です。</p>
    <p class="takota-inf-ok">⭕ 英語を勉強することは大切です。</p>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 タコタの覚え方</h2>
  <section class="takota-inf-memory">
    <ul>
      <li>✅ want to：〜したい</li>
      <li>✅ try to：〜しようとする</li>
      <li>✅ need to：〜する必要がある</li>
      <li>✅ to＋動詞：〜するために</li>
      <li>✅ It is 〜 to…：…することは〜です</li>
    </ul>
  </section>

  <h2>🐙 見分け方</h2>
  <div class="takota-inf-card-grid">
    <div class="takota-inf-card"><strong>want to</strong>〜したい<br><span class="takota-inf-en">I want to go.</span></div>
    <div class="takota-inf-card"><strong>try to</strong>〜しようとする<br><span class="takota-inf-en">I tried to open it.</span></div>
    <div class="takota-inf-card"><strong>need to</strong>〜する必要がある<br><span class="takota-inf-en">I need to study.</span></div>
    <div class="takota-inf-card"><strong>動詞＋to</strong>〜するために<br><span class="takota-inf-en">I went there to help him.</span></div>
    <div class="takota-inf-card"><strong>It is 〜 to…</strong>…することは〜です<br><span class="takota-inf-en">It is fun to swim.</span></div>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 タコタクイズに挑戦！</h2>
  <section class="takota-inf-lead">
    <p>不定詞の使い方がわかったら、20問クイズに挑戦してみよう！</p>
  </section>

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      {type:"訳を選ぼう", question:"She wants to be a teacher.", guide:"英文の意味を選ぼう。", choices:["彼女は先生でした。","彼女は先生になりたいです。","彼女は先生になる必要があります。","彼女は先生に会うために行きました。"], answer:1, exp:"主語がSheなので wants。to の後ろは be です。"},
      {type:"訳を選ぼう", question:"I tried to open the door.", guide:"英文の意味を選ぼう。", choices:["私はそのドアを開けたいです。","私はそのドアを開ける必要があります。","私はそのドアを開けようとしました。","そのドアを開けることは簡単です。"], answer:2, exp:"try to は「〜しようとする」です。"},
      {type:"訳を選ぼう", question:"He is trying to speak English.", guide:"英文の意味を選ぼう。", choices:["彼は英語を話したいです。","彼は英語を話す必要があります。","英語を話すことは大切です。","彼は英語を話そうとしています。"], answer:3, exp:"is trying to で「〜しようとしている」です。"},
      {type:"訳を選ぼう", question:"I need to study tonight.", guide:"英文の意味を選ぼう。", choices:["私は今夜勉強したいです。","私は今夜勉強する必要があります。","私は今夜勉強しようとしました。","今夜勉強することは楽しいです。"], answer:1, exp:"need to は「〜する必要がある」です。"},
      {type:"訳を選ぼう", question:"I went to the library to study.", guide:"英文の意味を選ぼう。", choices:["私は図書館で勉強したいです。","私は図書館へ行く必要があります。","私は勉強するために図書館へ行きました。","図書館へ行くことは難しいです。"], answer:2, exp:"後ろの to study は「勉強するために」です。"},
      {type:"訳を選ぼう", question:"It is fun to play soccer.", guide:"英文の意味を選ぼう。", choices:["それはサッカーをするために楽しいです。","私はサッカーをしたいです。","私はサッカーをしようとしました。","サッカーをすることは楽しいです。"], answer:3, exp:"It is 〜 to… は「…することは〜です」です。"},
      {type:"訳を選ぼう", question:"It is important to study English.", guide:"英文の意味を選ぼう。", choices:["英語を勉強することは大切です。","それは英語を勉強するために大切です。","私は英語を勉強したいです。","英語を勉強する必要があります。"], answer:0, exp:"このItは「それ」と訳さず、後ろのtoの内容を見ます。"},
      {type:"穴埋め", question:"I want ___ visit Kyoto.", guide:"空欄に入る語を選ぼう。", choices:["for","at","to","in"], answer:2, exp:"want to＋動詞の原形で「〜したい」です。"},
      {type:"穴埋め", question:"She wants to ___ a teacher.", guide:"空欄に入る語を選ぼう。", choices:["is","being","was","be"], answer:3, exp:"toの後ろは動詞の原形。beを使います。"},
      {type:"穴埋め", question:"I tried ___ open the door.", guide:"空欄に入る語を選ぼう。", choices:["for","to","with","on"], answer:1, exp:"try to＋動詞の原形で「〜しようとする」です。"},
      {type:"穴埋め", question:"We need to ___ now.", guide:"空欄に入る語を選ぼう。", choices:["leaves","left","leave","leaving"], answer:2, exp:"need to の後ろは動詞の原形です。"},
      {type:"穴埋め", question:"I went to the library ___ study.", guide:"空欄に入る語を選ぼう。", choices:["and","but","because","to"], answer:3, exp:"to study で「勉強するために」です。"},
      {type:"穴埋め", question:"It is difficult ___ answer this question.", guide:"空欄に入る語を選ぼう。", choices:["to","for","with","at"], answer:0, exp:"It is 〜 to… の形です。"},
      {type:"並び替え", question:"「私は京都を訪れたいです。」", guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。", choices:["I want to visit Kyoto.","I want visit to Kyoto.","I wants to visit Kyoto.","I want to visited Kyoto."], answer:0, exp:"want to＋動詞の原形。visitの形に注意です。"},
      {type:"並び替え", question:"「彼女はテニスをしたいです。」", guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。", choices:["She want to play tennis.","She wants to play tennis.","She wants to plays tennis.","She wants play to tennis."], answer:1, exp:"Sheなのでwants。ただしtoの後ろはplayです。"},
      {type:"並び替え", question:"「私はドアを開けようとしました。」", guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。", choices:["I tried open to the door.","I try to opened the door.","I tried to open the door.","I tried to opened the door."], answer:2, exp:"tried to open の語順です。toの後ろはopenです。"},
      {type:"並び替え", question:"「私たちは今出発する必要があります。」", guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。", choices:["We needs to leave now.","We need leave to now.","We need to left now.","We need to leave now."], answer:3, exp:"need to＋動詞の原形で、leaveを使います。"},
      {type:"並び替え", question:"「私は勉強するために図書館へ行きました。」", guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。", choices:["I went to study the library.","I went to the library to study.","I went the library to study.","I went to the library study to."], answer:1, exp:"to study が「勉強するために」です。"},
      {type:"並び替え", question:"「泳ぐことは楽しいです。」", guide:"正しい英文を選ぼう。", choices:["It is to swim fun.","It fun is to swim.","It is fun to swim.","It is swim to fun."], answer:2, exp:"It is 〜 to… の語順です。"}
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  <h2>🐙 まとめ</h2>
  <section class="takota-inf-summary">
    <p>不定詞の基本は、</p>
    <p><span class="takota-inf-formula">to＋動詞の原形</span></p>
    <p>です。発展では、次の形を覚えよう！</p>
    <p>✅ want to ＝ 〜したい</p>
    <p>✅ try to ＝ 〜しようとする</p>
    <p>✅ need to ＝ 〜する必要がある</p>
    <p>✅ to＋動詞 ＝ 〜するために</p>
    <p>✅ It is 〜 to… ＝ …することは〜です</p>
    <p>まずは文の中から、「to＋動詞の原形」を見つけよう！</p>
  </section>

  <nav class="takota-inf-nav" aria-label="英文ルール記事ナビゲーション">
    <a class="takota-inf-nav-prev" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-02/">← 前の問題へ<span>② 受動態</span></a>
    <a class="takota-inf-nav-list" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule/">🐙 一覧に戻る<span>英文ルール一覧</span></a>
    <a class="takota-inf-nav-next" href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-04/">次の問題へ →<span>④ 動名詞</span></a>
  </nav>
</article>

<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-03/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール③｜不定詞（発展）</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール②｜受動態（be動詞＋過去分詞）</title>
		<link>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-02/</link>
					<comments>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-02/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[じゅにさん]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Jul 2026 15:17:54 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[🐙タコタの英文ルール📖]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[🟦 英検3級 英語シリーズ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃タコタ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃文法]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃英検３級]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[#英語学習]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://jouniorsankosodate.com/?p=7105</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>英検3級でよく出る受動態を中学生向けにわかりやすく解説！「〜される」を表すbe動詞＋過去分詞の作り方、byの使い方、よく出る過去分詞を例文と20問クイズで楽しく学べます。</p>
<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-02/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール②｜受動態（be動詞＋過去分詞）</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></description>
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  </style>

  <h1 class="takota-passive-title">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール②<br>受動態（be動詞＋過去分詞）</h1>

  <p>
  英検3級では、<strong>受動態</strong>もよく出題されます。
  </p>

  <p>
  受動態とは、
  </p>

  <div class="takota-point-box">
    <strong>👉 「〜される」</strong>
  </div>

  <p>
  という受け身の表現です。
  </p>

  <p>
  例えば、
  </p>

  <div class="takota-example-box">
    <strong>This book is read by many people.</strong><br>
    この本は多くの人に読まれています。
  </div>

  <p>
  受動態は、<strong>be動詞＋過去分詞</strong>で作ります。
  </p>

  <h2>🐙 受動態ってなに？</h2>

  <p>
  普通の文では、「誰が何をするか」を表します。
  </p>

  <div class="takota-example-box">
    <span class="takota-label">普通の文</span><br>
    <strong>Tom reads this book.</strong><br>
    トムはこの本を読みます。
  </div>

  <p class="takota-arrow">↓</p>

  <p>
  受動態では、<strong>されるもの</strong>を主語にします。
  </p>

  <div class="takota-example-box">
    <span class="takota-label">受動態</span><br>
    <strong>This book is read by Tom.</strong><br>
    この本はトムに読まれます。
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 受動態の作り方</h2>

  <div class="takota-rule-box">
    <strong>be動詞＋過去分詞</strong>
  </div>

  <p>
  受動態では、be動詞の後ろに動詞の過去分詞を置きます。
  </p>

  <div class="takota-example-box">
    <strong>This book is read by many people.</strong><br>
    この本は多くの人に読まれています。
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 現在形と過去形</h2>

  <h3>現在形</h3>

  <div class="takota-example-box">
    <strong>This book is read by many people.</strong><br>
    この本は多くの人に読まれています。
  </div>

  <p>
  現在のことを表すときは、<strong>am・is・are</strong>を使います。
  </p>

  <h3>過去形</h3>

  <div class="takota-example-box">
    <strong>This book was read yesterday.</strong><br>
    この本は昨日読まれました。
  </div>

  <p>
  過去のことを表すときは、<strong>was・were</strong>を使います。
  </p>

  <h2>🐙 byは「〜によって」</h2>

  <p>
  誰がしたのかを表すときは、<strong>by</strong>を使います。
  </p>

  <div class="takota-example-box">
    <strong>The picture was painted by Picasso.</strong><br>
    その絵はピカソによって描かれました。
  </div>

  <div class="takota-point-box">
    <strong>by＋人</strong><br>
    ＝「人によって」「人に」
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 よく使う受動態</h2>

  <div class="takota-word-grid">
    <div class="takota-word-card">
      <strong>be made</strong>
      <span>作られる</span>
      <p>
        This car is made in Japan.<br>
        この車は日本で作られています。
      </p>
    </div>
    <div class="takota-word-card">
      <strong>be used</strong>
      <span>使われる</span>
      <p>
        English is used all over the world.<br>
        英語は世界中で使われています。
      </p>
    </div>
    <div class="takota-word-card">
      <strong>be loved</strong>
      <span>愛される</span>
      <p>
        Pandas are loved by many people.<br>
        パンダは多くの人に愛されています。
      </p>
    </div>
    <div class="takota-word-card">
      <strong>be spoken</strong>
      <span>話される</span>
      <p>
        English is spoken in many countries.<br>
        英語は多くの国で話されています。
      </p>
    </div>
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 否定文と疑問文</h2>

  <h3>肯定文</h3>

  <div class="takota-example-box">
    <strong>This book is read by many people.</strong><br>
    この本は多くの人に読まれています。
  </div>

  <h3>否定文</h3>

  <div class="takota-example-box">
    <strong>This book is not read by many people.</strong><br>
    この本は多くの人には読まれていません。
  </div>

  <p>
  否定文は、be動詞の後ろに<strong>not</strong>を置きます。
  </p>

  <h3>疑問文</h3>

  <div class="takota-example-box">
    <strong>Is this book read by many people?</strong><br>
    この本は多くの人に読まれていますか。
  </div>

  <div class="takota-mini-box">
    Yes, it is.<br>
    No, it isn&#8217;t.
  </div>

  <p>
  疑問文は、be動詞を文の先頭に出します。
  </p>

  <h2>🐙 よく出る過去分詞</h2>

  <div class="takota-table-wrap">
    <table class="takota-passive-table">
      <thead>
        <tr>
          <th>動詞</th>
          <th>意味</th>
          <th>過去分詞</th>
        </tr>
      </thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr><td>make</td><td>作る</td><td>made</td></tr>
        <tr><td>use</td><td>使う</td><td>used</td></tr>
        <tr><td>read</td><td>読む</td><td>read</td></tr>
        <tr><td>speak</td><td>話す</td><td>spoken</td></tr>
        <tr><td>write</td><td>書く</td><td>written</td></tr>
        <tr><td>eat</td><td>食べる</td><td>eaten</td></tr>
        <tr><td>break</td><td>壊す</td><td>broken</td></tr>
        <tr><td>love</td><td>愛する</td><td>loved</td></tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>

  <p>
  readの過去分詞は、つづりは同じですが「レッド」と読みます。
  </p>

  <h2>🐙 よくある間違い</h2>

  <div class="takota-mistake-box">
    <p>❌ This book reads by many people.</p>
    <p>⭕ This book <strong>is read</strong> by many people.</p>
  </div>

  <p>
  受動態には、<strong>be動詞</strong>が必要です。
  </p>

  <div class="takota-mistake-box">
    <p>❌ The cake was ate by Tom.</p>
    <p>⭕ The cake was <strong>eaten</strong> by Tom.</p>
  </div>

  <p>
  be動詞の後ろは、過去形ではなく<strong>過去分詞</strong>にします。
  </p>

  <div class="takota-mistake-box">
    <p>❌ This book is read from many people.</p>
    <p>⭕ This book is read <strong>by</strong> many people.</p>
  </div>

  <p>
  「人によって」「人に」は、<strong>by</strong>を使います。
  </p>

  <h2>🐙 タコタの覚え方</h2>

  <div class="takota-memory-box">
    <p>① be動詞を見つける</p>
    <p class="takota-arrow">↓</p>
    <p>② 後ろが過去分詞か確認する</p>
    <p class="takota-arrow">↓</p>
    <p>③ 「〜される」と訳してみる</p>
  </div>

  <div class="takota-rule-box">
    <strong>be動詞＋過去分詞</strong><br>
    ＝「〜される」
  </div>

  <h2>🐙 タコタクイズに挑戦！</h2>

  <p>
  受動態の形と意味がわかったら、20問クイズに挑戦してみよう！
  </p>

<div id="takotaPassiveQuiz"></div>

<style>
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  background:#ffd6d6 !important;
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#takotaPassiveQuiz .tp-next,
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  margin-top:20px;
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    width:96%;
    padding:12px 10px;
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</style>

<script>
(function(){
  "use strict";

  const quizData = [
    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"This book is read by many people.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "この本は多くの人が読んでいます。",
        "この本は多くの人に読まれています。",
        "この本は多くの人を読んでいます。",
        "この本は昨日読まれました。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"is read は「読まれる」。be動詞＋過去分詞で受動態です。"
    },
    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"English is spoken in many countries.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "英語は多くの国で話しています。",
        "英語は多くの国で話されています。",
        "英語は多くの国へ行きます。",
        "英語は多くの国で勉強しています。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"is spoken は「話されている」。speak の過去分詞は spoken です。"
    },
    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"The picture was painted by Picasso.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "ピカソはその絵を見ました。",
        "その絵はピカソによって描かれました。",
        "その絵は昨日描きました。",
        "ピカソはその絵を買いました。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"was painted は「描かれた」。by Picasso は「ピカソによって」です。"
    },
    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"This car is made in Japan.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "この車は日本へ行きます。",
        "この車は日本で作られています。",
        "この車は日本を作ります。",
        "この車は日本で売っています。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"is made は「作られている」。make の過去分詞は made です。"
    },
    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"The room is cleaned every day.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "その部屋は毎日掃除します。",
        "その部屋は毎日掃除されています。",
        "その部屋では毎日遊びます。",
        "その部屋は毎日閉められます。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"is cleaned は「掃除されている」。every day は「毎日」です。"
    },
    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"The cake was eaten by Tom.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "そのケーキはトムを食べました。",
        "そのケーキはトムに食べられました。",
        "トムはそのケーキを作りました。",
        "そのケーキはトムへ運ばれました。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"was eaten は「食べられた」。eat の過去分詞は eaten です。"
    },
    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"The window was broken yesterday.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "その窓は昨日割りました。",
        "その窓は昨日割られました。",
        "その窓は昨日閉められました。",
        "その窓は昨日開けられました。"
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"was broken は「壊された・割られた」。break の過去分詞は broken です。"
    },
    {
      type:"訳を選ぼう",
      question:"Soccer is played all over the world.",
      guide:"正しい日本語訳を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "サッカーは世界中へ行きます。",
        "サッカーは世界中を見ます。",
        "サッカーは世界中でプレーされています。",
        "サッカーは世界中で作られています。"
      ],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"is played は「プレーされている」。all over the world は「世界中で」です。"
    },

    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"This book ___ read by many people.",
      guide:"空欄に入る語を選ぼう。",
      choices:["is","are","am","be"],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"主語は This book で単数なので、is を使います。"
    },
    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"English ___ spoken in Australia.",
      guide:"空欄に入る語を選ぼう。",
      choices:["am","are","is","were"],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"English は単数扱いなので is spoken になります。"
    },
    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"The picture was ___ by Picasso.",
      guide:"空欄に入る語を選ぼう。",
      choices:["paint","painted","painting","paints"],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"受動態は be動詞＋過去分詞。paint の過去分詞は painted です。"
    },
    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"The cake was ___ by Tom.",
      guide:"空欄に入る語を選ぼう。",
      choices:["eat","ate","eaten","eating"],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"eat の過去分詞は eaten です。"
    },
    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"The room is ___ every day.",
      guide:"空欄に入る語を選ぼう。",
      choices:["clean","cleaned","cleaning","cleans"],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"is の後ろには過去分詞 cleaned を置きます。"
    },
    {
      type:"穴埋め",
      question:"The letter was ___ yesterday.",
      guide:"空欄に入る語を選ぼう。",
      choices:["write","wrote","written","writing"],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"write の過去分詞は written です。"
    },

    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"この本はトムに読まれます。",
      guide:"正しい語順の英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "This book is read by Tom.",
        "This book read is by Tom.",
        "This book is by Tom read.",
        "Is this book read Tom by."
      ],
      answer:0,
      explanation:"This book＋is＋read＋by Tom の順番です。"
    },
    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"英語は多くの国で話されています。",
      guide:"正しい語順の英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "English spoken is in many countries.",
        "English is spoken in many countries.",
        "English is in many countries spoken.",
        "Is English spoken many countries in."
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"主語 English の後ろに is spoken を置きます。"
    },
    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"その絵はピカソによって描かれました。",
      guide:"正しい語順の英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "The picture painted was by Picasso.",
        "The picture was painted by Picasso.",
        "Was the picture painted Picasso by.",
        "The picture by Picasso was paint."
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"The picture＋was painted＋by Picasso の順番です。"
    },
    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"この車は日本で作られています。",
      guide:"正しい語順の英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "This car made is in Japan.",
        "This car is in Japan made.",
        "This car is made in Japan.",
        "This is car made Japan in."
      ],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"This car is made in Japan. が正しい語順です。"
    },
    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"そのケーキはトムに食べられました。",
      guide:"正しい語順の英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "The cake eaten was by Tom.",
        "The cake was eaten by Tom.",
        "The cake was eat by Tom.",
        "Was the cake eaten Tom by."
      ],
      answer:1,
      explanation:"was の後ろには過去分詞 eaten を置きます。"
    },
    {
      type:"並び替え",
      question:"その部屋は毎日掃除されています。",
      guide:"正しい語順の英文を選ぼう。",
      choices:[
        "The room cleaned is every day.",
        "The room is every day cleaned.",
        "The room is cleaned every day.",
        "Is the room cleaned day every."
      ],
      answer:2,
      explanation:"The room is cleaned every day. が正しい語順です。"
    }
  ];

  const app = document.getElementById("takotaPassiveQuiz");
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      <button type="button" class="tp-next" hidden>
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    choiceButtons.forEach((button, index) => {
      button.disabled = true;

      if(index === item.answer){
        button.classList.add("tp-correct");
      }

      if(index === selectedIndex && selectedIndex !== item.answer){
        button.classList.add("tp-wrong");
      }
    });

    if(selectedIndex === item.answer){
      score++;
      resultBox.innerHTML = `
        ⭕ 正解！
        <span class="tp-explanation">${item.explanation}</span>
      `;
    }else{
      resultBox.innerHTML = `
        ❌ 不正解…
        <span class="tp-explanation">${item.explanation}</span>
      `;
    }

    resultBox.hidden = false;
    nextButton.hidden = false;
  }

  function nextQuestion(){
    currentIndex++;

    if(currentIndex < quizData.length){
      renderQuestion();
    }else{
      renderResult();
    }
  }

  function renderResult(){
    let message = "";

    if(score === quizData.length){
      message = "全問正解！受動態マスターやで🎉";
    }else if(score >= 16){
      message = "すごい！be動詞＋過去分詞をしっかり理解できてるで✨";
    }else if(score >= 12){
      message = "あと少し！間違えた問題をもう一度確認しよう。";
    }else{
      message = "まずは「be動詞＋過去分詞」の形から復習しよう🐙";
    }

    app.innerHTML = `
      <h2>🎉 クイズ終了！</h2>
      <div class="tp-score">${score} / ${quizData.length} 正解</div>
      <p class="tp-finish-message">${message}</p>
      <p class="tp-finish-message">
        受動態は<br>
        <strong>be動詞＋過去分詞</strong><br>
        「〜される」と訳すのがポイント！
      </p>
      <button type="button" class="tp-retry">もう一度</button>
    `;

    app.querySelector(".tp-retry").addEventListener("click", function(){
      currentIndex = 0;
      score = 0;
      renderQuestion();
    });
  }

  renderQuestion();
})();
</script>

  <h2>🐙 まとめ</h2>

  <div class="takota-summary-box">
    <p>✅ 受動態は「〜される」を表す</p>
    <p>✅ 形は「be動詞＋過去分詞」</p>
    <p>✅ byは「〜によって」「〜に」</p>
    <p>✅ 過去の文ではwas・wereを使う</p>
  </div>

  <p>
  まずはbe動詞を見つけて、その後ろが過去分詞になっているか確認しよう！
  </p>

  <nav class="takota-lesson-nav" aria-label="英文ルール記事ナビゲーション">
    <a class="takota-nav-button takota-nav-prev"
       href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-01/">
      <span>← 前の問題へ</span>
      <small>① 現在完了</small>
    </a>

    <a class="takota-nav-button takota-nav-index"
       href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule/">
      <span>🐙 一覧に戻る</span>
    </a>

    <a class="takota-nav-button takota-nav-next"
       href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-03/">
      <span>次の問題へ →</span>
      <small>③ 不定詞</small>
    </a>
  </nav>
</article>

<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-02/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール②｜受動態（be動詞＋過去分詞）</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール①現在完了（have＋過去分詞）</title>
		<link>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-01/</link>
					<comments>https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-01/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[じゅにさん]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2026 10:47:39 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[🐙タコタの英文ルール📖]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[🟦 英検3級 英語シリーズ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃タコタ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃フラッシュ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃わかりやすい]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃文法]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃無料アプリ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[＃英検３級]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://jouniorsankosodate.com/?p=6457</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>英検3級でよく出る文法のひとつが 現在完了 です。 名前だけ聞くと難しそうですが、 👉 「今までのこと」と「今」をつなぐ表現 と考えるとわかりやすいです。 現在完了は、 👉 have / has ＋ 過去分詞 の形で作り [&#8230;]</p>
<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-01/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール①現在完了（have＋過去分詞）</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">英検3級でよく出る文法のひとつが <strong>現在完了</strong> です。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">名前だけ聞くと難しそうですが、</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><span class="fz-22px">👉 <strong>「今までのこと」と「今」をつなぐ表現</strong></span></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">と考えるとわかりやすいです。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">現在完了は、</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><span class="fz-22px">👉 </span><strong><span class="fz-24px">have / has ＋ 過去分詞</span></strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">の形で作ります。</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">現在完了の形</h2>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">肯定文</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">I <strong><span class="bold-red">have played</span></strong> soccer.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">（私はサッカーをしたことがあります。）</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">She <span class="bold-red">has played</span> soccer.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">（彼女はサッカーをしたことがあります。）</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">※ he・she・it のときは has を使います。</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">否定文</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">I <span class="bold-red">have not played</span> soccer.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">（私はサッカーをしたことがありません。）</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">短縮形</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>haven&#8217;t</li>



<li>hasn&#8217;t</li>
</ul>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">もよく使われます。</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">疑問文</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><span class="bold-red">Have</span> you <span class="bold-red">played</span> soccer?</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">（あなたはサッカーをしたことがありますか。）</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">答え方</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Yes, I <span class="bold-red">have</span>.　/No, I <span class="bold-red">haven&#8217;t.</span></p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">現在完了の3つの意味</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1000" height="667" src="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/f11a70db-8b41-4524-a030-0381a89de137.jpeg" alt="" class="wp-image-6460" srcset="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/f11a70db-8b41-4524-a030-0381a89de137.jpeg 1000w, https://jouniorsankosodate.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/f11a70db-8b41-4524-a030-0381a89de137-300x200.jpeg 300w, https://jouniorsankosodate.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/f11a70db-8b41-4524-a030-0381a89de137-768x512.jpeg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px" /></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">現在完了には大きく分けて3つの使い方があります。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table class="has-fixed-layout"><thead><tr><th class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">意味</th><th>日本語の目印</th><th>よく使う言葉</th><th>例文</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>経験</strong></td><td><strong>～したことがある</strong></td><td><strong>ever・never・many times</strong></td><td>I have visited Kyoto.</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>継続</strong></td><td><strong>ずっと～している</strong></td><td><strong>for・since</strong></td><td>I have lived here for three years.</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>完了・結果</strong></td><td><strong>もう～した・～したところだ</strong></td><td>ju<strong>st・already・yet</strong></td><td>I have just finished my homework.</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">副詞ちょっと忘れたぞ？って人はこちらから👇</p>


<a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade4-7/" title="【英検4級】頻度副詞（復習＋強化）｜always〜neverを使いこなそう🐙⑦" class="blogcard-wrap internal-blogcard-wrap a-wrap cf"><div class="blogcard internal-blogcard ib-left cf"><div class="blogcard-label internal-blogcard-label"><span class="fa"></span></div><figure class="blogcard-thumbnail internal-blogcard-thumbnail"><img decoding="async" width="160" height="90" src="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/b394e5c5e6bcfda0de39f68a85010dc2-160x90.jpg" class="blogcard-thumb-image internal-blogcard-thumb-image wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/b394e5c5e6bcfda0de39f68a85010dc2-160x90.jpg 160w, https://jouniorsankosodate.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/b394e5c5e6bcfda0de39f68a85010dc2-120x68.jpg 120w, https://jouniorsankosodate.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/b394e5c5e6bcfda0de39f68a85010dc2-320x180.jpg 320w, https://jouniorsankosodate.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/b394e5c5e6bcfda0de39f68a85010dc2-382x215.jpg 382w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /></figure><div class="blogcard-content internal-blogcard-content"><div class="blogcard-title internal-blogcard-title">【英検4級】頻度副詞（復習＋強化）｜always〜neverを使いこなそう🐙⑦</div><div class="blogcard-snippet internal-blogcard-snippet">前にやった副詞、覚えてる？🐙✨👉 always（いつも）👉 sometimes（ときどき）今回はそれをもう一回整理して、ちゃんと使えるようにするよ！🧠 頻度副詞（おさらい）always（いつも）usually（たいてい）often（よく）s&#8230;</div></div><div class="blogcard-footer internal-blogcard-footer cf"><div class="blogcard-site internal-blogcard-site"><div class="blogcard-favicon internal-blogcard-favicon"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.google.com/s2/favicons?domain=https://jouniorsankosodate.com" alt="" class="blogcard-favicon-image internal-blogcard-favicon-image" width="16" height="16" /></div><div class="blogcard-domain internal-blogcard-domain">jouniorsankosodate.com</div></div><div class="blogcard-date internal-blogcard-date"><div class="blogcard-post-date internal-blogcard-post-date">2026.04.26</div></div></div></div></a>


<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">① 経験</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong><span class="fz-22px">「～したことがある」</span></strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">過去に経験したことを表します。</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">例文</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">I have visited Kyoto.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">（私は京都へ行ったことがあります。）</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">She has seen this movie.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">（彼女はこの映画を見たことがあります。）</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">ポイント</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">経験では</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>ever（今までに）</li>



<li>never（一度も～ない）</li>



<li>many times（何度も）</li>
</ul>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">がよく使われます。</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">例</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Have you ever been to Hokkaido?</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">（北海道へ行ったことがありますか。）</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">I have never seen a panda.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">（私はパンダを見たことがありません。）</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">② 継続</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong><span class="fz-24px">「ずっと～している」</span></strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">過去から今まで続いていることを表します。</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">例文</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">I have lived here for three years.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">（私は3年間ここに住んでいます。）</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">He has studied English since 2022.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">（彼は2022年から英語を勉強しています。）</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">ポイント</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>for</strong><br>→ ～の間</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>since</strong><br>→ ～から</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">をよく使います。</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">③ 完了・結果</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong><span class="fz-24px">「もう～した」<br>「～したところだ」</span></strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">何かが終わったことや、その結果が今に関係していることを表します。</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">例文</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">I have finished my homework.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">（私は宿題を終えました。）</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">She has just arrived.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">（彼女はちょうど到着したところです。）</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">ポイント</h3>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>just（ちょうど）</li>



<li>already（もう）</li>



<li>yet（まだ・もう）</li>
</ul>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">がよく使われます。</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<h1 class="wp-block-heading">タコタの覚え方</h1>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">現在完了の意味が分からなくなったら、次の言葉を探してみよう！</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">🐙 <strong>ever・never</strong><br>→ 経験</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">🐙 <strong>for・since</strong><br>→ 継続</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">🐙 <strong>just・already・yet</strong><br>→ 完了・結果</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">英検3級では、この見分けがよく出題されます。</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<h1 class="wp-block-heading">よくある間違い</h1>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">❌ I have went to Kyoto.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">⭕ I have gone to Kyoto.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">現在完了では<strong>have＋過去分詞</strong>を使います。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">went（過去形）ではなく、gone（過去分詞）を使うので注意しましょう。</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<h1 class="wp-block-heading">まとめ</h1>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">現在完了は</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>have / has ＋ 過去分詞</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">の形で作ります。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">覚えるべき意味は3つ！</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">✅ 経験<br>（～したことがある）</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">✅ 継続<br>（ずっと～している）</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">✅ 完了・結果<br>（もう～した・～したところだ）</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">まずは</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>ever</li>



<li>never</li>



<li>for</li>



<li>since</li>



<li>just</li>



<li>already</li>



<li>yet</li>
</ul>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">を見つけて意味を判断できるようになろう！</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">英検3級ではとてもよく出る文法なので、クイズでしっかり復習してみてね🐙✨</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<h2>🐙 最後のチェック！</h2>
<p>
ここまでできたらバッチリ✨<br>
クイズで仕上げよう！
</p>



<div id="takotaQuiz"></div>

<style>
#takotaQuiz{
  max-width:820px;
  margin:30px auto;
  padding:20px;
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  font-size:16px;
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  .choice{
    width:95%;
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<script>
(function(){

const quiz = [

/* 訳問題 8問 */
{type:"訳を選ぼう",q:"I have visited Kyoto.",ja:"正しい意味を選ぼう。",choices:["私は京都に住んでいます。","私は京都へ行ったことがあります。","私は京都へ行く予定です。","私は京都で勉強しています。"],answer:1,ex:"have visited は「行ったことがある」。経験を表します。"},
{type:"訳を選ぼう",q:"She has just finished her homework.",ja:"正しい意味を選ぼう。",choices:["彼女は宿題を始めました。","彼女は宿題をする予定です。","彼女はちょうど宿題を終えました。","彼女は宿題をしていません。"],answer:2,ex:"just は「ちょうど」。完了・結果を表します。"},
{type:"訳を選ぼう",q:"I have lived in Osaka for ten years.",ja:"正しい意味を選ぼう。",choices:["私は大阪に10回行きました。","私は大阪に10年間住んでいます。","私は大阪に10年間住んでいました。","私は大阪へ行く予定です。"],answer:1,ex:"for ten years は「10年間」。今も続いている継続です。"},
{type:"訳を選ぼう",q:"He has never played tennis.",ja:"正しい意味を選ぼう。",choices:["彼はテニスが上手です。","彼はテニスをよくします。","彼はテニスをしたことがありません。","彼はテニスをしているところです。"],answer:2,ex:"never は「一度も〜ない」。経験の否定です。"},
{type:"訳を選ぼう",q:"We have already eaten lunch.",ja:"正しい意味を選ぼう。",choices:["私たちはもう昼食を食べました。","私たちは昼食を食べています。","私たちは昼食を食べる予定です。","私たちは昼食を食べたことがありません。"],answer:0,ex:"already は「もう」。完了を表します。"},
{type:"訳を選ぼう",q:"I have studied English since 2022.",ja:"正しい意味を選ぼう。",choices:["私は2022年に英語を勉強しました。","私は2022年から英語を勉強しています。","私は2022年に英語を勉強し終えました。","私は2022年に英語を始める予定です。"],answer:1,ex:"since 2022 は「2022年から」。継続を表します。"},
{type:"訳を選ぼう",q:"Have you ever been to Hokkaido?",ja:"正しい意味を選ぼう。",choices:["あなたは北海道に住んでいますか。","あなたは北海道へ行ったことがありますか。","あなたは北海道へ行きますか。","あなたは北海道にいましたか。"],answer:1,ex:"Have you ever been to ～? は「〜へ行ったことがありますか」。"},
{type:"訳を選ぼう",q:"We have just arrived at the hotel.",ja:"正しい意味を選ぼう。",choices:["私たちはホテルに泊まっています。","私たちはちょうどホテルに到着したところです。","私たちはホテルを出発しました。","私たちはホテルに行ったことがあります。"],answer:1,ex:"just arrived は「ちょうど到着したところ」。"},

/* 穴埋め 6問 */
{type:"穴埋め",q:"I ___ visited Kyoto.",ja:"私は京都へ行ったことがあります。",choices:["have","has","had","having"],answer:0,ex:"I のあとは have。have＋過去分詞で現在完了です。"},
{type:"穴埋め",q:"She ___ just finished her homework.",ja:"彼女はちょうど宿題を終えました。",choices:["have","has","had","having"],answer:1,ex:"She のあとは has。has＋過去分詞です。"},
{type:"穴埋め",q:"I have lived here ___ three years.",ja:"私は3年間ここに住んでいます。",choices:["since","for","from","at"],answer:1,ex:"three years は期間なので for を使います。"},
{type:"穴埋め",q:"He has studied English ___ 2022.",ja:"彼は2022年から英語を勉強しています。",choices:["for","from","since","during"],answer:2,ex:"2022 は始まりの時点なので since を使います。"},
{type:"穴埋め",q:"I have ___ this movie.",ja:"私はこの映画を見たことがあります。",choices:["see","saw","seen","seeing"],answer:2,ex:"現在完了は have＋過去分詞。see の過去分詞は seen です。"},
{type:"穴埋め",q:"We have already ___ lunch.",ja:"私たちはもう昼食を食べました。",choices:["eat","ate","eaten","eating"],answer:2,ex:"eat の過去分詞は eaten。already は「もう」です。"},

/* 並び替え 6問 */
{type:"並び替え",q:"京都へ行ったことがあります。",ja:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",choices:["I have visited Kyoto.","I visited have Kyoto.","Have I visited Kyoto.","I have Kyoto visited."],answer:0,ex:"I have visited Kyoto. が正解。have＋過去分詞の形です。"},
{type:"並び替え",q:"私は3年間ここに住んでいます。",ja:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",choices:["I have here lived for three years.","I have lived here for three years.","I lived have here for three years.","I have lived for here three years."],answer:1,ex:"I have lived here for three years. が正解。for three years は文の後ろに置きます。"},
{type:"並び替え",q:"彼女はちょうど宿題を終えました。",ja:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",choices:["She just has finished her homework.","She has finished just her homework.","She has just finished her homework.","Has she just finished her homework."],answer:2,ex:"She has just finished her homework. が正解。just は has のあとに置きます。"},
{type:"並び替え",q:"私はその映画を見たことがありません。",ja:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",choices:["I have never seen that movie.","I never have seen that movie.","I have seen never that movie.","I have never saw that movie."],answer:0,ex:"I have never seen that movie. が正解。never は have のあと、see は過去分詞 seen です。"},
{type:"並び替え",q:"彼は2022年から英語を勉強しています。",ja:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",choices:["He has since studied English 2022.","He has studied English since 2022.","He studied has English since 2022.","He has studied since English 2022."],answer:1,ex:"He has studied English since 2022. が正解。since 2022 は後ろに置きます。"},
{type:"並び替え",q:"あなたは北海道へ行ったことがありますか。",ja:"正しい英文を選ぼう。",choices:["Have you ever been to Hokkaido?","You have ever been to Hokkaido?","Have ever you been to Hokkaido?","Have you been ever to Hokkaido?"],answer:0,ex:"Have you ever been to Hokkaido? が正解。疑問文は Have you ～? の形です。"}

];

let current=0;
let score=0;

const app=document.getElementById("takotaQuiz");

function showQ(){
  const q=quiz[current];

  app.innerHTML=`
    <div>🐙 ${current+1} / ${quiz.length}</div>
    <div class="q-type">${q.type}</div>
    <div class="q-box">${q.q}</div>
    <div class="ja-box">${q.ja}</div>

    ${q.choices.map((c,i)=>`<div class="choice" onclick="check(${i})">${c}</div>`).join("")}

    <div id="result"></div>

    <button id="nextBtn" onclick="nextQ()" style="display:none;">つぎへ ▶</button>
  `;
}

window.check=function(i){
  const buttons=document.querySelectorAll(".choice");
  const result=document.getElementById("result");

  buttons.forEach((b,index)=>{
    if(index===quiz[current].answer){
      b.classList.add("correct");
    }else if(index===i){
      b.classList.add("wrong");
    }
    b.onclick=null;
  });

  if(i===quiz[current].answer){
    score++;
    result.innerHTML="⭕ 正解！<br><span style='font-size:15px;'>"+quiz[current].ex+"</span>";
  }else{
    result.innerHTML="❌ 不正解…<br><span style='font-size:15px;'>"+quiz[current].ex+"</span>";
  }

  document.getElementById("nextBtn").style.display="inline-block";
}

window.nextQ=function(){
  current++;
  if(current<quiz.length){
    showQ();
  }else{
    app.innerHTML=`
      <h2>🎉 クイズ終了！</h2>
      <p>${score} / ${quiz.length} 正解！</p>
      <p>現在完了は「今まで」と「今」をつなぐ表現！</p>
      <p>have / has ＋ 過去分詞を復習しよう🐙</p>
      <button class="retry-btn" onclick="location.reload()">もう一度</button>
    `;
  }
}

showQ();

})();
</script>



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<p class="wp-block-paragraph">読んだよ！の応援クリック嬉しいです👇</p>



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<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p>
<p>投稿 <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com/rule-grade3-01/">🐙【英検3級】タコタの英文ルール①現在完了（have＋過去分詞）</a> は <a href="https://jouniorsankosodate.com">じゅにさん子育てブログ</a> に最初に表示されました。</p>
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